Hi,

Simply because organic solvents are potentially toxic.

Please refer to the attached articles (citation below):

Rasti B, Jinap S, Mozafari MR, Abd-Manap MY. Optimization on preparation condition of polyunsaturated fatty acids nanoliposome prepared by Mozafari method. Journal of liposome research. 2014 Jun 1;24(2):99-105.

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Jahadi M, Khosravi-Darani K, Ehsani MR, Mozafari MR, Saboury AA, Pourhosseini PS. The encapsulation of flavourzyme in nanoliposome by heating method. Journal of food science and technology. 2015 Apr 1;52(4):2063-2072.

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Mozafari MR, Javanmard R, Raji M. Tocosome: Novel drug delivery system containing phospholipids and tocopheryl phosphates. International journal of pharmaceutics. 2017 Aug 7;528(1-2):381-382.

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Hello,

I’m going to rephrase me question:

In most of articles I’ve read, prior to using all methods for producing liposomes, lecithin powder is dissolved in an organic solvent for the extraction of lipids which are then introduced to the liposome production methods which in some cases don’t use an organic phase anymore.

So, if the lecithin powder must be dissolved in an organic phase for the lipid extraction and formation if lipid bi-layer, why methods as High-Pressure Homogenizer or Heating method are called non-organic methods? And why the lecithin powder isn’t directly employed in these methods?

Hi,

In methods developed in our lab (i.e. "Heating Method" and "Mozafari Method") there is no use of any organic solvent in any stage at all. Please have a look at attached articles (liposome preparation or bioactive encapsulation sections).

1.

Mohammadabadi MR, Mozafari MR. Enhanced efficacy and bioavailability of thymoquinone using nanoliposomal dosage form. Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. 2018 Oct 1;47:445-453.

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2.

Khorasani S, Danaei M, Mozafari MR. Nanoliposome technology for the food and nutraceutical industries. Trends in food science & technology. 2018 Sep 1;79:106-115.

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M. R. Mozafari Many thanks for your helps.

Dear M. R. Mozafari ,

In the heating method/Mozafari method as you've provided by articles, it's been mentioned adding of nanoliposomal ingredients to the preheated mixture of a polyol and further heating and stirring would result to the nanoliposome formation. Regarding the phase transition temperature of the lipid, does the nanopliposomal ingredients include lecithin powder? If yes, does this temperature covers the whole range of temperatures for phase transitions of lipids in for example the mentioned lecithin powder?

The ingredients can be chosen from the table shown in the attached paper (also lists their Tc - phase transition temperature).

Alternatively you can buy liposomal / nanoliposomal ingredients from companies such as:

Lipoid

or

Avanti Polar Lipids

or

NOF AMERICA CORPORATION

or

Laroden

https://www.larodan.com

or

Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd.

https://www.tcichemicals.com