I have prepared NiMn thin film with different additives.
Due to the saccharin addition and thio urea addition Mn content in the film found to be reduced. Why?
from the EDAX results we found, wt% of the Mn is decreased from 4.67 to 0.52 due to the addition of saccharin and also due to the addition of thiourea.I dont know y?
For mechanism of formatiom of metal sulphides by the addition of Saccharin –see below; especially second paragraph
Electrochem. Soc. 2006volume 153, issue 8, C586-C593
Mechanism of Saccharin Transformation to Metal Sulfides and Effect of Inclusions on Corrosion Susceptibility of Electroplated CoFe Magnetic Films
Ibro Tabakovic*,z, Steve Riemer*, Katmerka Tabakovic*, Ming Sun* and Mark Kief
Abstract
The electroplated magnetic alloys (1.0TNi80Fe20,1.6TNi45Fe55,2.4TCo40Fe60) , obtained in the presence of saccharin, and sputtered magnetic alloys of the same composition showed dramatically different corrosion properties at pH 5.9. The higher corrosion susceptibility of electroplated magnetic alloys, known for many years, was generally attributed to sulfur inclusions into the deposit. However, there was no direct evidence of the structure of sulfur-containing molecules included in deposit. We have analyzed electroplated, EP-CoFe , and sputtered, SP-CoFe , magnetic films using electrochemical, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. The analysis of electroplated CoFefilms obtained in the presence of saccharin revealed saccharin, benzamide, o-toluenbenzamide (HPLC) and metal sulfides (XPS) in EP-CoFe deposit.
The proposed mechanism for saccharin transformation to metal sulfides involves four steps: (i) a reductive cleavage of C-S bond in saccharin giving rise to benzamido sulfinate, (ii) a desulfurization step leading to benzamide and sulfur dioxide, (iii) an electrochemical reduction of sulfur dioxide to hydrogen sulfide, and (iv) a reaction between H2S and M+2 (M=CO,Fe) to metal sulfides. The higher corrosion susceptibility of EP-CoFe magnetic alloys thanSP-CoFe magnetic alloys is discussed in terms of the mechanism of sulfur-assisted corrosion.
Thankyou for your kind response sir. it will be very much helpful for me.
I have one more doubt. What is the maximum magnetic flux density obtained for Ni based thin films. is there any limit for this value. I have prepared for NiMn thin films. Please tell me what may be the maximum value for this type of thin films.
A general behavior[ may find some exceptions] for Ni films :
It may, please, be noted that that magnetization values of magnetic thin films will depend upon the method of preparation and bath temperature, Here the bath temperature needs a special mention because the surface morphology/ hardness is strongly affected the bath temperature. For example, around 80C, the nano crystalline films are crack free and uniform.The magnetization values increase slightly while coercivity reduces appreciably. This is due to nano crystalline micro structure and low film stress associated with Ni films.
To make an approximation( purely a loud talk)
[1]Magnetic flux density(Tesla) may be around=0.57- 0.58 around 30C and around= 0.71-0.72 around 80C
[2] Coercivity(Gauss) may be around 134-135 at about 30C and around 49-50 at about 80C.
thankyou sir
i have calculated fluxdensity from B=(4*pi*Ms*density of the film)/mass of the the film. formula has been taken from the paper given in the attachment. Is this formula correct sir. he obtained 5.6 T as flux density sir. is it correct sir. For my sample, if i use this formula i have obtained 6 to 7 Tesla sir. if anything wrong please suggest me what should i do sir
Thankyou for the positive reply sir.
actually i have receive my Ph.D report.
in which the examiner asked that, "the flux density reported in your thesis is out of range for the flux density of nickel based film. please comment on it"
in what should i answer in my viva sir. i am very much worried about this sir. please tell me how justify this value sir.
Thankyou sir. then why it is behave like anti ferromagnetic material. why it doesnt exhibit ferro magnetic behavior. can you send me some reference paper regarding this sir
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