Changing the geometry affect mainly the form/pressure drag, but if for example provoking flow separation increase the form drag and reduce skin friction, but the total drag will be increased.
The best book in flow control is by
Mohamed Gad-el-Hak
" Active, and Reactive Flow Management. Cambridge University Press, England "
According to my own experience, roughness in a limit can decrease the friction drag but it is just in a limit and after passing a specific value it will increase the friction drag, somehow I would say it resemble to shark skin riblet. However, I draw your attention to my results in my latest project.