Hello Sepehr Dabiri

Exosomes play key roles in cancer, including creation of the premetastatic niche, tumorigenesis, tumor progression, immune escape, treatment resistance, and signaling between tumor cells and the surrounding tumor microenvironment. Enriched with many bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, exosomes are endowed with the ability to relay signals between cells. Exosomes participate in cancer progression and metastasis by transferring bioactive molecules between cancer and various cells in the local and distant microenvironments.

Such intercellular crosstalk results in changes in multiple cellular and biological functions in recipient cells. Several hallmarks of cancer have reportedly been impacted by this exosome‐mediated cell‐to‐cell communication, including modulating immune responses, reprogramming stromal cells, remodeling the architecture of the extracellular matrix, or even endowing cancer cells with characteristics of drug resistance. The content of exosomes therefore becomes important and could potentially be used as biomarkers, particularly since exosomes are readily found in a variety of biofluids and are produced more by malignant cells than the normal cells.

I have attached a few exosome database below that may be helpful.

1. The exosome database, ExoCarta, contains a list of molecules present in the exosome. There are about 9,769 types of proteins, 3,408 types of mRNAs, 2,838 types of miRNAs, and 1,116 types of lipids that have been registered so far. The database catalogs information from both published and unpublished exosomal studies.

http://www.exocarta.org

2. The ExoRBase is the first resource containing all available long RNAs (circRNA, lncRNA and mRNA) derived from RNA-seq data of human blood exosomes.

http://www.exoRBase.org

3. MalaCards database is the human disease database which is a robust database designed to enable genomic and genetic researchers and investigators, to efficiently navigate the universe of human genes, genetic variants, proteins, cells, and biological pathways related to various human diseases.

https://www.malacards.org/

4. STRING database aims to integrate all known and predicted associations between proteins, including both physical interactions as well as functional associations.

https://string-db.org/

5. ExoBCD is a comprehensive database for exosomal biomarker discovery in breast cancer.

https://exobcd.liumwei.org/#:~:text=ExoBCD%3A%20a%20comprehensive%20database%20for%20exosomal%20biomarker%20discovery%20in%20breast%20cancer.

6. ExomiRHub: a comprehensive database platform to integrate and analyze human extracellular miRNA transcriptome for discovering non-invasive biomarkers.

http://www.biomedical-web.com/exomirhub/.

The first step to start would be to choose a topic that interests you and is relevant to your field of study. “Exosomes related to stomach cancer” is a general topic. You should narrow down your topic to a specific research question you want to answer or a problem you want to solve. I am attaching a few references below related to exosomes and stomach cancer. These papers will help you choose a specific research question.

For instance, you could investigate the detailed mechanism of miRNAs in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, and your study could well have relevance in the treatment as well as in the prevention of cancer. MiRNAs secreted by exosomes can mediate paracrine and endocrine pathways between different tissues to regulate gene expression and distal cell function. They can be the key regulators of tumorigenesis and cancer development. See the attached paper below.

Article The role of Exosomal miRNAs in cancer

Once you have decided a research topic, you will have to conduct a literature review which is a summary and еvaluation of thе еxisting scholarly sources on your topic. Also, make use of the database which I have provided above. Literature review will help you to identify the gaps in the current knowledge, the main debates and controversies, and the relevant theories and methods. It will also help you to establish thе significance and originality of your research. You may make use of onlinе sеarch еnginеs or libraries to search for relevant sources. Try to use appropriate words and filters to narrow down your search.

To help you further in your project, I have selected a few articles related to your topic of interest. Please go through them and try to come up with a specific and relevant research topic.

Article Exosomes in cancer development and clinical applications

Article Exosomes in gastric cancer: Roles, mechanisms, and applications

Article Extracellular vesicle biomarkers in circulation for the diag...

Article Gastric Cancer Cell-Derived Exosomal microRNA-23a Promotes A...

Article exoRBase: a database of circRNA, lncRNA and mRNA in human bl...

Article Role of microRNAs in gastric cancer

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10120-021-01269-3#:~:text=Previously%2C%20we%20reported%20that%20normal,epithelial%20cells%20by%20regulating%20NKX6.

Article Exosome-derived noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: functions ...

https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/wpr-848273

Article Roles of microRNAs and exosomes in Helicobacter pylori assoc...

Article Effects of Exosomes on Tumor Bioregulation and Diagnosis

Wishing you Good Luck for your project!

Best Wishes,

Malcolm Nobre