What are the common adulterants in commercial honey? how to identify pure honey and adulterated honey with the help of NMR spectroscopy? Is there any other technique to check purity of honey?
Dear Sujeesh Sukumaran in addition to the useful information provided by Chinaza Godswill Awuchi please also see this interesting link entitled "USING NMR TO DETECT HONEY FRAUD":
In this article it is stated that "The combination of NMR with statistical analysis represents a powerful alternation for the analysis of honey authenticity and its country of origin."
"This video shows Patricia Eaune, Famille Michaud Apiculteurs, explaining how NMR food screening solutions are used for analyzing honey. This screening method allows rapid detection of exogenous sugars in honey obtained from syrup and rice sugar. Bruker’s NMR FoodScreener can test the authenticity of filtered honey. The profile generated by this screening technology is compared with certain reference profiles to find the botanical and geographical origin of honey. The entire process is carried out without affecting the integrity of honey. This NMR honey profiling technology can analyze honey in 20 minutes when compared to previous methods that take nearly 6 days to complete the analysis."
The word "nuclear" (~ bombs, radiation, waste, etc) in NMR is problematic to some, so another term may be used to name the technique. MRS or Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy is a parallel use as in the medical Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Dear Kerry Clark among chemists and physicists the term NMR is absolutely not problematic as everyone knows that "nuclear" refers to the nuclei of the respective atoms. Thus in these disciplines the term NMR is worldwide used and accepted. The only difference is in medicine. According to the link cited below "Nuclear magnetic resonance was sometimes called nuclear induction or paramagnetic nuclear resonance. It is generally abbreviated to NMR. So as not to scare prospective patients in medicine, reference to the "nuclear" character of NMR is dropped and the magnetic resonance based imaging systems (scanner) found in hospitals are simply referred to as "magnetic resonance imaging" (MRI)."
On the NMR spectrum of high-quality honey, the signal from sucrose will be weak, and in the honey of bees that were artificially fed with honey, the signal from sucrose will be significant