Body wt comparison is best way oral dosage form for polyherbal formulation.

@Asaimonat...

Dear could you please explain some more for this formulation;

Khadira (Acacia catechu). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200 mg

Musta (Cyperus rotundus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 mg

Daruharidra (Berberis aristata) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 mg

Vidanga (Embelia ribes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 mg

Manjishtha (Rubia cordifolia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 mg

Nimba (Azadirachta indica) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 mg

Shveta Sariva (Hemidesmus indicus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 mg

Trivrut (Ipomoea turpethum) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 mg

Rakta Chandana (Pterocarpus santalinus) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 mg

Katuka (Picrorhiza kurroa) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 mg

Shveta Chandana (Santalum album) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mg

and

Gandhak Rasayan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 mg

Vanga Bhasma (Processed Tin) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mg

Yashada Bhasma (Processed Zinc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 mg

Looking forward for your reply...

regards,

Venu Gopal.

For which species do you want to convert the human dose? The way I convert the human dose to animal dose is based on the body surface area.

Human dose (mg/kg) to mouse dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 12.3

Human dose (mg/kg) to rat dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 7.4

Human dose (mg/kg) to guinea pig dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 4.6

Human dose (mg/kg) to rabbit dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 3.1

Human dose (mg/kg) to dog dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 1.8

Dear Srinivasan...Thank you.

In case of above formulation... can I sum the all ingredients to to convert to total human dose in to rat dose?

Thanking you

Venu

Is there references for such calculations?

In case of essential nutrients there may be recommended daily intake, can we use same formula to convert it rat dose?

Venu,

Yes you are right, you will have sum up of all the ingredients and convert it back to human dose (assuming that all the ingredients contains the active principles for the said indication)

Santosh,

These calculations are taken from the FDA guideline on the estimation of the safe starting dose in human. In the guideline, the values are given to calculate the animal dose to human dose and I have used the same values to back calculate the human dose to animal dose. You can also use Ghosh book on the Experimental Pharmacology, (I believe) to derive the interspecies dose calculation and both the method will give you the same results.

Srinivasan

Yes sir

the formula that you have given is correct

Both are same.

Km factor is used to convert the mg/kg in to mg/m2 (body weight in to surface area).

I wonder if anybody provide full reference? How do you calculate this dose? What is the scientific basis of multiplying human dose? I need clear explanation and calculation as well. Thanks in advance for raising this question. It is immensely helpful.

Here you go!

PLEASE DOWNLOAD FOLLWING ARTICLE

http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/Guidances/UCM078932.pdf

READ PAGE 7

Use Paget and Barne's table for conversion of doses

hallo, can anybody help me with the conversion of intraperitoneal injection dose to p.o.

dose 

This may be useful!!

Thank you for all

Can anybody please guide to have a reference for conversion of LD50 of animal to LD50 of Human ?

• Dear Srinivasan, 
• could you help me if the adult  human dose is 20 mg once daily how i can calculate the rat daily dose?

what about cattle? If we want to extrapolate a drug dose from human to cattle, then what should we do?

Hi, 

what about conversion from ppm to mg/kg bw day in rat , e.g.: BPA 100000ppm to mg/kg bw day in rat model or other species!

Thank you

Kindly, is there an equation or formula to convert an oral dose from F344 rats to Wistar rats?, and if not, could i use the dose obtained from F344 rats to Wistar rats?

and what if I want to convert dose of Guinea pig into wistar rats. What will be the factor with which I will multiply..

You have to use the conversion factor of 0.57 to convert G.Pig dose to rat dose based on the body surface area calculation. Here is the steps as mentioned in the Fundamentals of Experimental Pharmacology by M. N. Ghosh, 3rd Edition, Page No. 192.

Step 1: convert the mg/1000 g of G.Pig dose to mg/400 g b.wt.

Step 2: multiply the value with the correction factor 0.57 to convert the guinea pig dose at 400 g b.wt. to rat 200 g b.wt.

Step 3: Now you have dose for rat which is weighing 200g, now you multiply dose to 5 to get dose per 1000 g b.wt.

The table is attached here for your reference.

Thanks and Regards

Srinivasan

Thank you for all.

Hi Please correct me if I am wrong. I f I need to give meloxicam 7.5 mg tab per day dose (human dose) to a mouse. According to the conversion formulas mentioned above i should give 7.5 X 0.08= 0.6 mg . Is this right?

According to FDA guidelines for dose conversion, Human dose x Human km = Animal Dose x Animal Km. In these guidelines average human body weight is considered as 60kg so human dose will be 7.5/60 = 0.125 mg/kg. According to formula, 0.125 x 37 = mouse dose x 3. Mouse dose should be 1.54 mg/kg (37 is human km and 3 is mouse km). If the dose is calculated according to Freireich EJ, et al, 1966, the mouse dose will be same.

HED (mg / kg) = Animal does (mg / kg) x Km ratio

AED (mg / kg) = Human does (mg / kg) x Km ratio

Reference :Article A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human

Dear Geeva,

Thank you so much.

Great Thanks for this simplified reference.

paget and barnes conversion table

paget and barnes 1964

Article A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human

Your welcome shahid and Samah

All answers were very helpful for me. Thanks for the person who did the question and thanks for those who answered.

How to convert human dose to animal dose (rat)?

its balbc albino mice@Orooba Ibrahem

Dear colleagues,

is it correct to calculate following human dose of rosuvastatin (drug for lowering lipids) of 10mg for rats like this:

man of 70kg takes 10 mg of drugs per day,

so for my rat of 250g that will be 0,04mg/kg.

So, I can prepare my solution by weightining 4mg of rosuvastatin on 100ml of disstl. water, and have concentraion of 0,04mg/ml.

So when I orally apply 1ml of this solution it is the dosage of 0,04mg/ml.

Can I do it this why ?

Thank You .

Belma :)

Dear Belma,

You cannot convert the human dose to rat dose on body weight basis. You will have apply the correction factor based on the body surface area.

Rat to human = 6.2 is the correction factor

Human dose = 10 mg/ 70 kg b.wt. = 0.14 mg/kg

Rat equivalent dose = Human dose x 6.2 = 0.14 x 6.2 = 0.88 mg/kg b.wt of rats

Hence for 250g rat = 0.88/4 = 0.22 mg for 250 g rat.

The reference for the conversion factor is taken from the FDA guidance document on Estimating the maximum safe starting dose in human.

https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/Guidances/UCM078932.pdf%23search=%27guidekines+for+industry+sfe+starting%27

Hope this helps.

Thanks and Regards

Srinivasan

Dear Srinivasan,

Thank You very much for Your answer and advice.

This is very helpfull for me and of great use.

Thank You very much.

Kind regards from Sarajevo,

Belma

Thanks all,

what about fish?

Dear Sir,

Morkonda Rajaram Srinivasan How to convert human dose in to chicken ( hen) dose ? Is any factor is available for the same ?

There are interspecies differences in CYP450 metabolism as well as absorption, other metabolic factors, distribution, excretion, etc., so the differences can be much larger than what is represented by a simple BSA calc. In order to use BSA, you really need to know these differences between human and the reference animal for that particular substance. If they are similar then BSA works, if not, it can be very different. I'm not aware of a good resource for this information unfortunately, I've had to research everything de novo on a per substance basis, which often takes a significant amount of time. If anyone else has a good resource for this it would be very helpful.

Thanks for all the answers, I have really been enlightened

Nair AB, Jacob S. A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human. J Basic Clin Pharma 2016;7:27-31.

@Morkonda_Srinivasan human dose 200 mg of caffeine (not mentioned mg/kg on bottle ) and human take twice daily..i need rat dose

So for animal to HED, If the drug dose for rats is 10mg/kg

HED= 10/ 6.2= 1.61

Human body weight= 60kg

HED= 1.61x 60=96

Final result= 96/10= 9.6mg dose for human

Is this correct?

Hi Kasturi,

In your case, the HED is 96 mg (total dose for 60 kg b.wt). Dividing by 10 is the safety factor which you want to use if you think there are any adverse effects of the drugs in rats which are of concern in humans.

@ Yasameen Shaker

In your question, the human dose is 400 mg/day, correct? Assuming 60 Kg b.wt. of humans, hence the dose in mg/kg is 400/60 = 6.67 mg/kg.

To convert human dose to rat dose, multiply 6.67 by 6.2, which is 41.3 mg/kg rat dose or appox. 41 mg/kg. Does this answer your question?.

Regards

Srinivasan

Through Allometric scaling method. Article A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human

Point to be considered before converting a Traditional medicine:

@ Morkonda Rajaram Srinivasan thanks for the figures and reference

Dear all.,

to calculate human equivalent dose please find the FDA guideline, it explains how to calculate and what is the correct formula.

A webpage is created by CFTRI to convert doses from one species to another which includes human. Hence it is easy now that anyone can use this webpage for dose conversion across the laboratory animal species. the webpage

https://dosecal.cftri.res.in/index.php

DoseCal: a virtual calculator for dosage conversion between the animal species

Simple to try "Dose calculation conversion table" by Laurance & Bacharach, 1964

But, II suggested you to read this article (more detail with examples):

Nair AB, Jacob S. A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human. J Basic Clin Pharm. 2016;7(2):27-31. doi:10.4103/0976-0105.177703

I hope this can be solution for you.

Use conversion table of Paget and Berner 1964

Human dose (mg/kg) to mouse dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 12.3

Human dose (mg/kg) to rat dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 7.4

For which species do you want to convert the human dose? The way I convert the human dose to animal dose is based on the body surface area.

Human dose (mg/kg) to mouse dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 12.3

Human dose (mg/kg) to rat dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 7.4

Human dose (mg/kg) to guinea pig dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 4.6

Human dose (mg/kg) to rabbit dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 3.1

Human dose (mg/kg) to dog dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 1.8

Would you please tell me how to convert human dose to chick embryo dose per egg for in ovo injection?

I have a question.

One Drug is A and other one is B. Now, LD50 of A drug is 1 mg/ kg bw...LD50 of B drug is 4mg/kg bw.....which drug is more Toxic than another one?

Useful article

@Tamanna Roy The smaller the LD50, the more toxic the drug is. So A is more toxic (the dose required to induce 50% of the toxicity is less than B)

Human dose (mg/kg) to mouse dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 12.3

Human dose (mg/kg) to rat dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 7.4

Human dose (mg/kg) to guinea pig dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 4.6

Human dose (mg/kg) to rabbit dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 3.1

Human dose (mg/kg) to dog dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 1.8

https://images.app.goo.gl/Gbpj6ngBGTBJC8di7

If a person weighing 70 kg is given a dose of 1.5 g / kg, what is the dose for a rat weighing 200 g?

Hi Venu,

Please check, the following examples may help you to understand the conversion from Animals to HED and Vice versa.

Example. 1.

Suppose effective dose in mice is 1000 mg/kg, and if we have to convert to human equivalent dose (HED).

HED (mg/kg) = Animal dose (mg/kg)X (Km factor of animal /Km factor of humans)

HED (mg/kg) = 1000 mg/kg × (3/37) = 81.1 mg/kg (4.866 g/day) in humans.

Where, km factor for mice=3; km factor for human =37.

Note: HED (mg/kg) has to be multiplied by 60 kg --> Human dose mg/day.

The conversion equation, Km values, BSA etc can be obtained from FDA document, please find the link below.

https://www.fda.gov/media/72309/download

Example 2. Suppose clinical effective dose is 200 mg/kg (Human dose/60kg---> Human dose mg/kg), and we need to convert it to dose for rats.

Animal dose (mg/kg) = 200 mg/kg × (37/6) = 1233 mg/kg in rats.

Where, km factor for mice=6; km factor for human =37.

Please refer these documents.

https://www.jkom.org/upload/31-3%2001%20[01-07].pdf

Article Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited

https://www.fda.gov/media/72309/download

Hello Uuganbayar Uuganaa Baatartsogt,

To answer you question,

[Conversion from 60 Kg person to 150 g rat]

Conversion using Km factor

Animal dose (mg/kg) = 1500 mg/kg × (37/6)

=1500 x 6.17

=9250 mg/kg = 9.25 g/kg in rats.

Where, 6=Km factor for rat ; 37= Km factor for human.

or

[Conversion from 70 kg person to 200 g rat]

Conversion using Body weight

Animal dose (mg/kg) = 1500 mg/kg × (70/0.200)^0.33

=1500 x [350]^0.33

=1500x 6.91

=10366.5 mg/kg = 10.366 g/kg in rats.

Where, 70 (70kg) =Body weight of human ; 0.2 (200 g)= Body weight of rat.

Also find the attached references

Hope this helps you.

Regards

Dr G L Vishwanath

Human dose (mg/kg) to mouse dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 12.3

@ Uuganbayar Uuganaa Baatartsogt

1.5g/kg equivalents to 1500mg/kg

(1500/70) *7.4 = 158.57mg/kg

then rat of 200g will be administered 158.57/5 = 31.71mg

Human dose (mg/kg) to rat dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 6.17

Human dose (mg/kg) to rabbit dose (mg/kg) - multiply by 3.08

@ibrahem

You will need to consider the weight of the human also in your calculation.