Nitrogenous compounds are very common in wastes, both in liquid and solid wastes from the industries. These also have an adverse effect on the environment. In the case of nitrogenous compounds contaminated wastes treatment, there are several methods used worldwide. One of them is the Land Application Technique.
In this process, wastewater stabilization ponds and lagooning techniques are used. My question is, How much effective the land application technique is, compared to physio-chemical and biological methods?
Please look at the following below links which may help you in your analysis:
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1464&context=water_rep
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/land-application
Thanks
Dear Muhammad,
It is highly dependent to factors such as the nitrogen content of the land soil, the physical and chemical properties of soil, climate conditions, etc. In a soil poor in nitrogen and appropriate soil and climate conditions, it can be a sustainable and economically feasible option.
Dear Isam Eldin Hussein Elgailani sir and Ali Ferdowsi,
Thank you for your valuable answer.
For Manure Application
Land application to meet crop N, P, and other nutrient requirements is by far the most widespread and longstanding use of animal manures. However, other uses do exist and are becoming more common, especially in areas where animal production has become so intensive that the amount of nutrients in the manure produced exceeds the nutritional requirements of crops grown on the local land base. Sometimes manure is fed back to animals as a cheap nutrient source (e.g., feeding chicken litter to beef cattle). However human and animal health concerns have been raised about this practice, in the wake of the ‘mad cow disease’ outbreak in Europe (caused by feeding contaminated animal products back to cattle), and this is not viewed today as a major alternative to land application of manures. Mushroom production in certain areas can use large amounts of manure, especially from horses and poultry. In China, manures are used extensively in fish production. Several other options exist for manure use, and although these uses are only carried out on a relatively small scale today, they represent a growth area, as increasing intensification of agriculture produces excess amounts of manure in localized areas of more countries. Examples of other manure uses are composting to produce high-value soil amendments, methane generation via anaerobic digestion, burning to generate energy, and pelletizing manures to make organic fertilizers.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311843.2016.1275089.
Better to check this out.
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