To my limited knowledge, much of this work has been done on traditional Chinese herbal medications, e.g sennoside A. One strategy has been the use of HPLC to identify separate compounds from the original plant. See which explain the clinical effects and therefore explain the potential benefit. Others have looked at in vitro effects on cell culture models. While there are thousands of possible compounds, less specific information on Ayurveda seems available. Turmeric has supporting information and may even work to keep transcription of inflammatory mediators lower at the epigenetic level. Obviously, validation requires obtaining proof of a true cause-and-effect, which is more difficult. The most exciting research would involve a compound of well-known benefit which could contain a novel molecule. Parkash et. al. HERBS AS TRADITIONAL MEDICINES: A REVIEW, September 2018, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8(5):146-150, DOI: 10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1910 is a broad overview for a starting point. The WHO keeps a list of the more common herbals for specific complaints from 2010. Many others can be easily found, all fairly non-specific. Start with a good methodologic reference and a good herbal candidate and see what comes of it. Good luck

As per my knowledge very few plants have been validated by using current scientific technology. Indian traditional herbs validated at college/institute level only in view of ayurveda perspective. There are so many possibilities to evaluate these plants for their active ingredients for research and therapeutic purpose.