If cell number is not limiting and sufficient protein amount is available from cells, the most reliable method is to perform immunoblotting to detect the cellular levels of pro-caspase-1 (p45) and activated caspase-1 (p20 and p10). Sometime, the cleaved forms are also detected in the culture medium. For more details see the link below.
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You can also make extracts of your cells (all at the same cell "concentration") in an appropriate buffer (acidic pH) and measure cleavage of a caspase-1 specific substrate ( Amino Acid Sequence Ac-Trp-Val-Ala-Asp-pNA) in the presence and absence of a caspase-1 inhibitor. This would be the most sensitive method.