I grinded callus for DNA extraction, but I couldn't make it into very fine powder, to how extent that would affect the extraction procedure
Calli are heterogeneous material predisposed to somatic mutations, cells in inner position of a callus are presumably older than peripheric ones so you may have bias in your DNA analysis. Physiologically, also, inner cells may be in a different state. But this may be not important, it depends on the relative precision you want to obtain for the DNA and the question you want to answer!
Grinding is best done using liquid nitrogen as you can grind to powder form while preventing DNA degradation due to the low temperature of liquid nitrogen. I've tried homogenizer before on plant and fungi samples but liquid nitrogen is still the best.
The answer you are looking for as far as poor grinding on extraction is: you will have a reduced yield of DNA you extract, but you shouldn't be affecting the quality of the sample, just the quantity. Good luck!
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