As per the World Health Organization, there are no contraindications for postexposure prophylaxis and can be safely given to infants and immunocompromised individuals. So there is no reason why rabies postexposure prophylaxis can't be given to a newborn calf unless cost is an issue.
Regardless of the presence of the maternal antibodies, administration of mAb in combination with vaccine may give protection as demonstrated in dogs: doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2002.63.1096
We have given PEP to cows and buffaloes bitten by lab confirmed rabies dogs and mongoose with intradermal rabies vaccine and local wound infilteration of equine rabies immunoglobulins with 100% survival in Himachal Pradesh.