In perovskite based solar cells, which is better to enhance conversion efficiency with less toxicity : CH3NH3PbI3 or CH3NH3SnI3.
Dear Abdelhalim Zekry and Daniela Gogova
Thanks for your useful reply.
My question was based on following paper
http://innovativejournal.in/ajcem/index.php/ajcem/article/view/37
Dear Hima,
Adding to Daniela,
Pb based perovskite is the commonly used for the solar cells with the state of the art solar cells approaching more than 20 percent conversion efficiency while the Sn based perovskite solar cells still struggle to reach the 10 percent conversion efficiency. However, the Sn based solar cells are more environmental friendly as Pb is a toxic material. But if the Pb perovskite is recycled then there will be less be less harm on the environment. Even there is trial to use combined Pbx Sn 1-x based perovskite. However the achieved efficiency ranges in the middle of the two materials.
For more information please refer to the link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aenm.201702019/full
Best wishes
Dear Abdelhalim Zekry and Daniela Gogova
Thanks for your useful reply.
My question was based on following paper
http://innovativejournal.in/ajcem/index.php/ajcem/article/view/37
CH3NH3PbI3 is the best light absorber which yield PCE ~22% while CH3NH3SnI3 leads to only about 10%. Sn based device suffer from lower JSC which affect the over all performance of the device.
The research is underway to replace Pb by other similar elements from the same group in the periodic table (one of them is Sn), however, the results are not promising especially in term in PCE.
So the answer to your question is that the former(i.e., CH3NH3PbI3) is the best option to use in Perovskite solar cells and addition, you can use mixed halides liks CH3NH3I3-xClx
Sn-based halide perovskites can be prepared with an ideal band-gap to prepare an optimal photovoltaic material. The same is not possible with Pb-base perovskites. CH3NH3SnI3 should work better than
CH3NH3PbI3, but the the Sn2+ undergoes to oxidation to Sn4+.
I do not recoment working with Sn2+ based materials. They are easily oxidized to Sn4+ by air and making disproportionation: Sn2+ -> Sn(O) + Sn4+ (lowering their applications in PV). On the other hand both Sn and Pb based materials are toxic. Pb is more dangerous for humans, while Sn for enviroment. There are some studies comparing their harmful effect (e.g.
Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 18721. doi: 10.1038/srep18721).
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