I am having a set of DNA which is the optimized for its expression in E. coli. Can I use the same set of DNA sequence to express it in mammalian cell lines?
Maybe but you can't be certain. The problem is not whether the codons are maximally optimized for the mammalian cells, but rather do you have some problem codons (codons that are rarely used). These rare codons are generally the main problem. So scan your sequence assessing codon usage for mammals and see whether most or all of the codons are at least middle or above in usage.
You can provided that it is expresses from mammalian expression promoter. You can't express T7/Lac promoter in mammalian cells. You need to clone same DNA seq in mammalian expression plasmid and it should work.
The DNA sequence optimized for expression in E. coli may not necessarily work effectively for expression in mammalian cell lines. This is because the genetic and regulatory mechanisms in bacteria, such as E. coli, differ significantly from those in mammalian cells.
Here are some key considerations:
Codon Usage: E. coli and mammalian cells have different preferences for codon usage. Codons are triplet nucleotide sequences that encode specific amino acids. The frequency of codon usage can impact translation efficiency in different organisms. Therefore, a DNA sequence optimized for E. coli may contain codons that are rarely used or inefficiently translated in mammalian cells. This can result in low protein expression or even no expression in mammalian systems.
Regulatory Elements: Expression of genes in mammalian cells is controlled by different regulatory elements compared to bacterial cells. Mammalian cells require specific promoter regions, enhancers, and transcription factor binding sites to initiate and regulate gene expression accurately. The promoter sequences and regulatory elements that work in E. coli may not function optimally in mammalian cells, leading to reduced or aberrant gene expression.
Post-translational Modifications: Mammalian cells have sophisticated post-translational modification machinery, allowing them to perform various modifications, such as glycosylation, phosphorylation, acetylation, and others. These modifications can significantly influence protein folding, stability, and functionality. However, E. coli lacks the ability to perform many of these modifications. Therefore, even if the protein is expressed in mammalian cells using the E. coli-optimized DNA sequence, it may not undergo the necessary post-translational modifications, resulting in a non-functional or unstable protein.
Considering these factors, it is generally recommended to design and optimize DNA sequences specifically for expression in mammalian cell lines if your goal is to achieve efficient and functional protein expression in those cells. This may involve selecting appropriate promoter regions, codon optimization for mammalian usage, and incorporating necessary regulatory elements