I am performing cloning and expression of Ag85B antigen for subunit vaccine or immunotheraputic purpose. However I need to know their role in diagnosis ? as they are not located on RD genome ? Can they be applied for diagnostic purpose?
Ag85B is found in most pathogenic mycobacterial species, including opportunistic pathogens such as M. avium, as well as the BCG vaccine, although expression by BCG seems to be quite low. Ag85B is strongly immunogenic in multiple species, including humans and is included in many different TB vaccines currently under development: in animal models it shows quite good efficacy against bacterial replication.
It has also been tested as a diagnostic antigen, both under its own name and under the alternate name of 32kDa antigen. However, the specificity of the antigen is low, and reactivity mirrors very closely that of the TST. Studies comparing Ag85B with non-infected TST+ controls have repeatedly shown that they cannot reliably seperate the two groups. It has therefore largely been abandoned as a potential diagnostic.