Differences in soil properties (pH CEC SAR) in arid and semi arid regions are largely determined by parent material, vegetation (biology) and topography, in addition to climates such as rainfall and temperature
As Vasuki Wasis has already told you, in addition to the climate, the properties of the soil depend on the parent material, the topography of the land, the vegetation and the microfauna that may be present in the soil. The climate, although it is a factor that intervenes in the mode of weathering of the parental material, in the type of vegatation and in the fauna, by itself would not explain the differences.
It is certain that the differences will be large between them, especially with regard to the parent material from which the soil originates and its conditions , as well as the type of water used in each of the regions, especially with respect to soil acidity and ESRand the electrical conductivity of each soil.
semi arid soil haves sufficient soil fertility for vegetation growth
arid soils range from red to brown in color. They are generally sandy to gravelly in texture and have a high percentage of soluble salts.
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