Phagocytosis by phagocytic cells is a crucial part of the host defense against invading microorganisms once the outer epithelial surface of the body has been breached. The most important cell types involved are polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and mononuclear phagocytes (MNs; monocytes and macrophages), both of which are derived from precursor cells in the bone marrow.
I don't think you mean resistant to phagocytosis. Because that itself doesn't kill anything. It's the fusion with the lysosome (maturation of the phagosome) that is one of the primary driver of intracellular killing.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one such pathogen, and a major area of research. MTB is capable of preventing the fusion of the phagosome with hte lysoome.
Dear E.coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis can behave like that.
Staphylococcus aures can survive even after phagocytosis...
Some other bacteria such as some strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae have a thick capsule that protects it against phagocytosis...
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