2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis
12.2.8 Antimicrobial therapy
Antimicrobial therapy for CDRIE should be individualized and based on culture and susceptibility results if possible (see section 7). Because most CDRIE infections are secondary to staphylococcal species and, of those, up to 50% are methicillin-resistant,376,392 vancomycin should be administered initially as empirical antibiotic coverage until microbiological results are known. Daptomycin, approved for right-side IE and bacteraemia attributable to S. aureus,168 is a promising molecule to treat CIED infection.393–395 Before hardware removal, but after blood cultures, i.v. antibiotics should be initiated. There are no clinical trial data to define the optimal duration of antimicrobial therapy. The duration of therapy should be 4–6 weeks in most cases.362 At least 2 weeks of parenteral therapy is recommended after extraction of an infected device for patients with bloodstream infection. Patients with sustained (>24 h) positive blood cultures despite CIED removal and appropriate antimicrobial therapy should receive parenteral therapy for at least 4 weeks.362,366