1. Does it increase the electrical length of the antenna?
2. Does an increase in ground plane lead to more reflections, leading to a more directional pattern?
3. How can one increase an antenna's Directivity in the desired direction?
My antenna is designed for laptop applications. It is a folded PIFA. The attached image shows a sketch of what it is like.
3. To increase the gain or the directivity of a network antenna, for example, you have to change the weights of an antenna using a numerical synthesis method, for example taguchi, SOP, GA, PSO ext .. after you can control your antennas with these optimal weights to change directions and increase gain and directivity
Radiation Pattern Synthesis Using Hybrid FourierWoodward-Lawson-Neural Networks for Reliable MIMO Antenna Systems
Because an infinite perfectly- conducting ground plane acts like a mirror. This is equivalent to placing a negative image of the original antenna at an equal distance below the ground plane.
Hi Suhas,
For increasing the directivity and reduction of side-lobes it is better you go with evolutionary algorithms. for example cuckoo, firefly, bat, PSO ,etc.
Regarding the ground plane.. The size of ground has a significant impact on the characteristics of the antenna. For example, for the ground plane size of more than 0.5 lambda has less or no effect on return loss..This case is more specific for low height antennas. And if the size is less than 0.5 lambda the there will be a change in the radiation pattern characteristics because of shifting of resonant frequency to higher frequencies.
this is best explained in the paper..pls go through it..
Article Effects of ground plane size on a square microstrip patch an...
In recent years, wireless communication systems have progressed greatly and the market, especially for the cellular phone, has witnessed explosive growth. Moreover, as the demand for multimedia services increases, a wider bandwidth of information will be required for next generation wireless systems. These systems will be allocated at a higher frequency band because a number of useful frequency bands have already been allotted to and are occupied by existing systems. In order to accommodate a larger number of subscribers and to provide better quality services, it is necessary to increase the channel capacity. Further, the technologies required for power saving and efficient frequency reusability will be necessary for various multimedia services. The efficient use of the frequency resources is necessary to achieve higher data transmission throughput. Smart antenna systems are capable of automatically changing the directionality of their radiation patterns in response to their signal environment. This can noticeably improve the performance characteristics, such as channel capacity and quality of a wireless system. Smart antenna systems, by using spatially separated antennas, referred to as antenna array, maximize the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) of the received signals, and suppress interferences and noise power by digital signal processing after analog to digital conversion. Conventional antenna systems, which employ a single antenna, radiate and receive information equally in all directions. This omni-directional radiation leads to the distribution of energy in all directions. This wasted power becomes a potential source of interference for other users or for other base stations in other cells. Interference and noise reduce the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) used for detection and demodulation, resulting in poor signal quality. Today’s cellular systems usually introduce 120o sectorization of the coverage to enhance capacity. In my interest research, a novel design of phased antenna array based on digital beamforming is proposed. The goal of the design is to construct smart antenna beamforming systems with hardware-software implemented neural network and Taguchi method. A newly proposed synthesis method is used to design antenna arrays capable of delivering a much better radiation performance in terms of homogenous coverage and reduced interference with phased arrays and capable to beamforming and electronic steering by adjusting the relative phases of the signal received or transmitted by each antenna.
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