I have been infecting L929 cells cultured in 6-well plates a few times now with samples containing VSV (samples are olfactory bulbs of mice that were inoculated with VSV), but I do not see any clear and visible plaques. This is weird to me since VSV effectively infects olfactory structures and we know it resides in the olfactory bulb. It can be attributed to biological differences (i.e., some animals just don't have detectable virus), but I have run many samples now and they are showing the same pattern, which is the lack of plaque formation.
The supernatant containing the virus from the samples is tenfold diluted and a range of 10^3 to 10^5 is tested at first. I do not see cell death (basically a clear monolayer of Coomassie blue staining at the end), so that rules out the possibility that the viral concentration is too high. I DO, however, see random, singular plaques here and there, which makes me think that something in the protocol is hindering the virus. See image attached for what plates generally look like.
Things I can think of:
- Cell confluency: could a lower confluency (70-75%) interfere with plaque formation?
- The culture medium for L929 cells I use includes antibiotics (Gentamicin); could this interfere in any way with viral infectivity of cells?
- I use 100uL of viral dilutions to infect plates: could this be too little?
- I infect the cells for 1hour in the incubator with shaking every 15 minutes: should I go for longer, although this is the standard?
- The overlay I use is x2DMEM:Agarose (I tried 0.6% and 1% Agarose)
- I boil the agarose in the microwave but then cool it down with cold x2DMEM before overlaying. I don't think it is too hot for the cells because if it was I would see big white stretches on the well indicating cell death or lifting.
- 3:1 Methanol:Acetic Acid is used as a fixative
That's all that comes to mind. I would appreciate any suggestions!!