So the net charge on the biofilm is the resultant of all charges meaning bacterial membrane, proteins, amino-acids etc. In the literature mostly negative charge is suggested. Actually I am interested to know about the the possibility of negative to positive charge in a bio-film of a set community of bacteria and other microbes. Can we predict the net effective charge on a biofilm by knowing the bacterial consortia forming the matrix and the Eh of the medium? Kindly suggest.....