Each journal has a different review timeline for a manuscript review: as short as one month and as long as three months. It, however, is not uncommon that it takes several months or even longer than a year for an author to receive feedback from the journal editor (usually after an author has sent a few emails to a journal editor).
As you knew, tenure and promotion in many colleges and universities largely depend on a candidate’s publication records so that the delayed review process may adversely affect a faculty member’s tenure and promotion. For a graduate student, the publication can affect his or her employment in a university. Thus, it is important to prevent the unnecessarily delayed review process.
The delay may in part come from a poor management by a journal editor; more commonly it is related to a delayed feedback from one of reviewers. I have served a journal manuscript reviewer for several different journals, and I usually give my feedback within a month.
Given the discussion above, what may be the ways to prevent the significantly delayed review process?