Because 0 = log10(1), we can conveniently pick log10(1) as the ordinate of a fixed point (1 M, pH = 0) on a straight-line semi–log plot that could conceptually be used for the conversion from a linear concentration scale [H3O+], given in terms of molarity (M); to the pH scale. The last is a decimal logarithmic scale (dimensionless). Mathematically, it is quite clear that the argument of the logarithmic function should be taken as dimensionless, just as for that of its inverse exponential function. Hence we may consistently write: pH = - log10(|[H3O+]|) = - log10(|[H3O+]|) - { - log10(|1 M|)} = - log10([H3O+]/M); where (obviously) [H3O+] ≡ |[H3O+]| M.
pH is negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration I.e. [H+]...
The brackets [ ] is generally used to show concentration means what is the concentration of hydrogen ion in the solution say water or soil solution or blood or any other liquid which is aqueous (neither solid nor gas completely devoid of water or moisture)
Hydrogen ion concentration is calculated as mole per liter or say H+/L
But generally unit is not mentioned in pH as if we say this soil solution have 5 pH, it means this is 10 times more acidic than pH 6 and 10 times more basic than pH 4...
We don't use any of the unit while expressing pH ...but unit is mole per liter
Also in case of hydroxyl ions we used to write like [OH-] which also tells about mole of hydroxyl ions in the solution of one liter...