Reversed osmosis.

regards

G

https://www.sciencedirect.com/search?qs=optimum%20method%20for%20sea%20water%20desalination&show=25&sortBy=relevance

Instead of reverse osmosis or pervaporation processes (these need rather complex and expensive systems), for simple water desalination I do recommend a solar evaporation-condensation, recovering the enthalpy of evaporation using a sort of heat x-changer reliable and inexpensive (this is the important point!).

Dear professor Altaher,

The optimum method depends on different conditions. For high water salinity (over 86000 ppm) the membrane in the osmosis processes could suffer salt deposition, for this reason, water recovery from the feed with high water concentration is better with thermal processes. If the fuel is extremely cheap the thermal processes could be better. on the other hand in normal conditions, salt concentration (35000ppm) and fuel expensive is better the osmosis processes.

I believe that the limit condition of both technologies it is not clear and this could be a good optimization problem.

Best regards,

reverse osmosis is an efficient method, but a lot of parameters such as saline water quality, TDS, power availability,....are affected on method selection.

Depending of availability of waste heat or solar energy I feel Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) or Vacuum Membrane Distillation (VMD) is/will be the current best.

Dear Dr. Altahir

I think that the best method for seawater desalination is Membrane Distillation ,specifically DMC (Direct contact membrane distillation) because of many considerations ; High efficiency, Low cost, Suitable for high salt concentrations

Application of the Maisotsenko Cycle (M-Cycle) technology is the best choice. The M-Cycle efficiency increases for dry and hot climates (with the temperature growth and absolute humidity decrease) where conventional methods consumes more and more energy. Please, see the comparison of variouse methods that was made by GTI (USA). If your interest goes not only through scientific field but you see opportunity to make some practical applications of the desalicantion methods, I and my partner Prof. Maisotsenko are ready to discuss the issue of our collaboration.

If the cost of fuel is cheap, the use of thermal methods is better otherwise the use of reverse osmosis technology is better, but most recent researches indicates that reverse osmosis technology are the most commonly used as a result of the development of osmotic membranes in terms of water quality, increasing productivity and low cost of production per cubic meter, in addition to that the development of energy recovery devices Whose efficiency exceeds 95%, and i suggest to design two different desalination plants with the same capacity for-example 10,000 m3/d and you can find simple equations for that.

Best regards