A field of tomato is highly affected by the parasitic weed, Orobanche romosa. Farmer has tried to control it using selective herbicides available in the market and by following crop rotations but it was not get effectively controlled. Could anyone suggest me the most effective strategy for controlling the same?
Being one of the natural hosts of Orobanche, its effective management in tomato requires integrated approach. The choice of different components of the integrated weed management is largely determined by local soil, environment conditions and cropping systems. Accordingly, the success may be delayed in some instances depending upon the severity of the infestation and execution of the approach and unavoidable errors.
Fumigation with methyl bromide (350 - 500 kg/ha) was reported to effectively control Orobanche ramosa prior to planting of tomato. A reduction of 40 - 4 9% in germination of Orobanche cernua seeds was reported under laboratory condition through inundation, and thus planting tomato in raised beds followed by furrow irrigation may prove a good proposition. Growing trap crops or different crop rotations had also been reported effective towards Orobanche management.
The literature throuh the link below may provide useful information.
http://edepot.wur.nl/210504
The review articles in the following links may be seen. Though the contents have much similarity, the articles appear in different sources at same time.
http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/jsspn/v14n1/aop0414.pdf
file:///F:/RG/Weed_control/orobanche_3.pdf
@Dr. Nilay Borah, Of course soil fumigation with methyl bromide was reported to effectively control Orobanche. But methyl bromide is also a health and environmental hazard, and is being phased out under an international ban. So, we can't recommend it to use for the same. Could u please tell me any selective herbicide for the management of Orobanche in tomato???
Selective sulfonylurea herbicides (e.g. chlorsulfuron) are reported for effective control of orobanche under irrigated condition. Trichoderma harzianum as a mycoherbicide integrated with glyphosate had also been reported to control Orobanche ramosa in tomato plants. Few links are provided for ready reference, many such are available:
http://file.scirp.org/pdf/AJPS20120300005_52936753.pdf
http://www.bioone.org/doi/pdf/10.1614/WT-03-023R3
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3989334?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
A variety of sulfonyl ureas can be used to control orobanche in a variety of crops sulfosulfuron is offen mentioned as selective up to 75gha in potato and tomato others including clorsulfuorn and triasulfuron can also be used but at lower rates to ensure crop damage is minimised. Not being a tomato researcher I would certainly advise checking for phyto on a small area of ground with your tomatos in or have some in big pots in your field soil. Alternatively apply a not huge rate of the herbicide to the soil in the field a good few weeks or months before planting to allow some metabolism/leaching/loss of herbicid from the top layers of soil hopefully after killing a decent amount of your orobanche seed load. Strigolactones can also be used to trick orobanche seeds to germinate before corp is sown but they have low stability in soil so don't llast that long are expensive and have only partial proven success in impacting orobanche populations in the field.
Once the infestation had lowered through use of herbicide, it's always effective to follow suitable rotation of crops for long-term benefit.
Crop rotation followed by application of pre-emergence herbicides is most effective practice of orobanche control in crops
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