I want to Know how stem cell differentiation occur for general either in vivo or in vitro and if this mechanism differ from one cell type to another or not.
Such a general question. Usually starts from extracellular signalling such as growth factors, interleukin etc. and that initiates a set of pathways within the cell that eventually causes transcription of certain genes that are involved in the differentiated phenotype. The changes in transcription are due to methylation of promoters that are holding stemness and demethylation of the promoters that are associated with differentiated phenotype.