If water in liquid jet or spray jet is changed with liquid ammonia, ethanol or petrol, then how the cooling effect will change on an impinging target. Please provide some literature or correlation.
The cooling effect of a jet of these materials depends on their heat capacities (kJ/kg K) and thermal conductivities (k, W/m K). In both cases, higher numbers represent more rapid cooling. The role of each parameter depends in complicated ways on the geometry. These are listed below in a table. As you can see, water and ammonia should cool more rapidly than petrol or ethanol.
There is one important additional factor. If the system allows the liquid to partially or completely vaporize, the heat of vaporization will provide a significant source of additional cooling. An example would be if the jet is in a vented chamber or is open to the atmosphere. In this case, water is the least volatile of these compounds and would benefit the least from vaporization cooling.
There is no simple correlation for this behavior without further details of the system.
Substance Phase Cp k
Ammonia liquid 4.700 0.507
Ethanol liquid 2.44 0.171
Petrol liquid 2.22 0.124
Water liquid 4.1813 0.609
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