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Reference genes are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and patho-physiological conditions. ... Although the terms "housekeeping gene" and "reference gene" are used somewhat interchangeably, caution must be used in selecting genes for reference purposes

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13353-018-0466-1&ved=2ahUKEwil0ODErbnqAhVIzqQKHZ1cBKkQFjARegQIBRAB&usg=AOvVaw3y05k1KUbslE4fGn_ZjkTi

Some people use reference genes (RG) and housekeeping genes as an alternatively name, but the most important meaning in relation to qPCR is the feature of stable expression in the test organism /tissue /cells, especially, when you compare the expression of your gene of interest to this reference. Common name housekeeping genes does not fully coincide the stable expression.

Hi.Dr

housekeeping genes are typically constitutive genes that are required for the maintenance of basic cellular function, and are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and patho-physiological conditions.

Dear dr.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3825189/

Hello dr

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Hi Dr.

Housekeeper refers to a subset of genes that are vital to cell metabolism and thus universally expressed in all cells. The other set are structural genes used to build cells, e.g. actin

Most control genes used in qPCR are therefore either metabolic housekeeping genes e.g. GAPDH or structural genes e.g. b actin or b tubular. That is because you need them expressed at high and constant levels

Therefore nearly all controls genes used in qPCR are housekeeping genes but not all housekeeping genes are internal control genes

They are essentially the same but with some minor distinctions as stated

I agree with previous answers.

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Anwar A. Abdulla

1. Housekeeping genes --> Housekeeping genes are examples of regions in a genome that tend to be highly conserved and evolve slower than other genes such as the tissue-specific genes (Zhang and Li, 2004), mainly due to their roles in the maintenance of basic cellular functions and are essential for the existence of a cell.

2. Reference genes--> Reference genes are an internal reaction control that have sequences different than the target. For a gene to be regarded as a reliable reference it must meet several important criteria (Chervoneva et al. 2010). The most important is its expression level unaffected by experimental factors.

Article Reference genes in real-time PCR

3. Quite a few Housekeeping genes are used for Reference genes in experiments.

Ex. Validation of Common Housekeeping Genes as Reference for qPCR Gene........ (//www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8)

I agree with previous answers.

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Hi Dr

the feature of stable expression in the test organism/tissue/cells, especially, when you compare the expression of your gene of interest to this reference. Common name housekeeping genes does not fully coincide the stable expression.

Hi

https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_differences_between_reference_gene_and_housekeeping_gene

I agree with Yuan-Yeu Yau

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_the_differences_between_reference_gene_and_housekeeping_gene&ved=2ahUKEwjS_Yr05brqAhWCjqQKHfgeBOsQFjAAegQIAxAC&usg=AOvVaw0XuZyAq1uYridXuTXha2aI

Hi

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8

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The others use a reference  (RG) and housekeeping genes as an alternative name, but the most important meaning in relation to qPCR is the feature of stable expression in the test organism/tissue/cells, especially, when you compare the expression of your gene of interest to this reference. Common name housekeeping genes does not fully coincide the stable expression.  Due to this fact, you should use at least 3 different RGs, and see if the expression is stable in your case, using e.g. geNorm, NormFinder, or/and BestKeeper software. Be very careful in the selection of RG.

Please review the following link:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8

i agree with Isam Alkhalifawi

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Dear Omar Ali Al-Khashman ,

Thank you very much for your contribution.

Dear Alyaa Saad ,

Thank you very much for your contribution.

Dear Abdelkader Dehbi ,

Thank you very much for your contribution.

https://www.researchgate.net/deref/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-018-26707-8

Dear Mayada Darweesh ,

Thank you very much for your contribution.

Hi Dr.

https://www.researchgate.net/deref/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-018-26707-8

Dear Hiba J. Hamza ,

Thank you very much for your contribution.

To understand this since I am new to that scientific term, according to Wikipedia and quoted that, "in molecular biology, housekeeping genes are typically constitutive genes that are required for the maintenance of basic cellular function, and are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and pathophysiological conditions." Whilst the, "reference genes are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and pathophysiological conditions. Although some housekeeping genes are expressed at relatively constant levels in most non-pathological situations, other housekeeping genes may vary depending on experimental conditions."

Thank you for an interesting question, and kind regards.

Dear Ronald Gomeseria ,

Thank you very much for the useful information and your contribution.

Best regards,

You are welcome, Sir Anwar A. Abdulla and thank you for that, I learned somehow.

I agree with previous answers

Dear Saad Abd Al-Aziz ,

Thank you very much for your contribution.

Hello Dr.

https://www.researchgate.net/deref/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-018-26707-8

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Hi Dr.

Agree with colleagues' answers

Dear Dr.

The genes of references or housekeeping appear as the normalizing real-time PCR. The reference genes or housekeeping genes are expressed in a wide variety of tissues and cell types and show no or only minimal changes in expression levels between the individual samples and experimental conditions.

In molecular biology, housekeeping genes are typically constitutive genes that are required for the maintenance of basic cellular function, and are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and patho-physiological conditions. ... The origin of the term "housekeeping gene" remains obscure.

Dear Yazi Abdullah Jassim ,

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Dear Yasir Adil Jabbar Alabdali ,

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https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8

housekeeping genes are typically constitutive genes that are required for the maintenance of basic cellular function, and are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and patho-physiological conditions.

Reference genes are expressed in all cells of an organism under normal and patho-physiological conditions.

Dear Saade Abdalkareem Jasim ,

Thank you very much for your contribution

Dear Rahem Alziadi ,

Thank you very much for your contribution

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-26707-8

Dear Ruaa SH Redeiny ,

Thank you very much for your contribution .

Housekeeping genes are constitutive genes that are expressed in all cells of an organism in normal and pathophysiological conditions. They are necessary for the maintenance of basic cellular function. In both normal and patho-physiological situations, reference genes are expressed in all cells of an organism.

All of an organism's cells express housekeeping genes, which are constitutive genes that are active in both healthy and pathological settings. They are essential for the preservation of fundamental cellular processes.

Reference genes are expressed in every cell of an organism in both healthy and patho-physiological conditions.

All of an organism's cells express housekeeping gene for basic cellular function.

Reference gene expressed in both healthy and patho-physiological conditions.