Different experiments can be applied in different test conditions. How to choose the illuminant observer in the quantitative test of gemstone color? According to different purposes or the actual observation angle?
The 2° and 10° illuminant observer were recommended by CIE in 1931 and 1964, which are line with the two different color system. A set of three CIE Standard Observer Tristimulus Values denoted by X,Y and Z is suitable for the 2°, as well as the 1°to 4°. As a result of continuous research, when the field of view increases to more than 4°, the tristimulus values decrease in a certain wavelength range(380-460nm), causing the change and difference in the color between the tested and the observed by the naked eye. In usual, the 2° is not enough for illuminant observer. Therefore, CIE recommended a set of complementary color system which is suitable for the 10° in 1964.