I would like to compare the expression profile of naive macrophage(M0) with Classically Activated M1 and Alternatively activated macrophage M2. People use M-CSF (Monocyte -colony stimulating Factor) to differentiate macrophages from monocytes. However, there are reports which shows M-CSF mediates M2 response. Please let me know which is the correct stimulant to differentiate M0 from monocytes.
A recent paper in Immunity (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25035950) sets out the nomenclature and experimental guidelines for defining and producing differently activated macrophage populations. The paper states that M-CSF should be used as a baseline growth factor for routine macrophage cultures. I would suggest you read the paper before planning your experiments.
Macrophage polarization is a complicated subject, you should read the paper that Fiona suggested before you do anything. From personal epxerience i can say that FBS or FCS or any other kind of serum can promotore macrophage polarization so you have to keep it at low concentration in your media (2-3%). Good luck!
As mentioned by others, it's a complicated subject. MCSF hass been used to induce M0 macrophages (Martinze et al, J Immunol 2006) and was found to induce a phenotype similar to M2. You may also want to take look at this article: http://www.intechopen.com/books/atherogenesis/cxcl4-induced-macrophages-a-novel-therapeutic-target-in-human-atherosclerosis-
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