Hydrogen gas as fuel is used nowadays for many purposes. So which method is best to gain Hydrogen for its storage and which one gives maximum efficiency?
What do you exactly mean by "Gain" hydrogen? Are you looking for methods of storage or production?
Hydrogen is prodused now by hydrocarbons. This methods is cheapest. But due to lack of fosil fuels in future electrolys and thermo-chemical splitting of water molecules are potential technologies. Catalyst processes for splitting water could be also of interest.
The Real Future of Hydrogen Production lingers on the use of Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources
Solar(Thermal- Photo-voltaics and Wind) with Back-Up Storage Systems using Hydrogen Powered Fuel Cell and Micro Gas Turbines.
The hope is to develop new EFFCIENT- Electrolysis Technologies!
Reformer Technologies using NG-H2 is now promising to b commercialized
Have you looked at “stranded wind?” Wind resources that are far from the grid can be used to split water to make hydrogen for ammonia for fertilizer. No reason why the hydrogen could not be stored. Of course if it is stranded then it may be too far from energy generation facilities as well. http://renewables.morris.umn.edu/wind/conferences/2007/Reese-WindToAmmonia.pdf
I think your question is not well formulated. If you are addressing seasonal energy storage, then you must first specify what is the origin of the energy you want to store. If it is electricity (from seasonal excesses of hydroelectricity for example), then you may consider water electrolysis to produce hydrogen. There is no reason to seasonally store hydrogen originating from hydrocarbons, since hydrocarbons are actually the best way by themselves to store hydrogen. If it is heat, then you might want to look at the various (prospective) ways to decompose water by thermolysis and catalysis, but you need high grade heat, which can also be used for mechanical power or electricity...
i think if you want to generate a hydrogen, water is promising reactant to produce a hydrogen..but this way is still need high energy..
If your goal is energy storage, be aware that the "round trip" efficiency (electrolysis of water followed by its oxidation in a fuel cell) is presently pretty poor. You are lucky to get 40-50% of the electrical energy you put in. Compare this with about 85% for the common lead-acid battery. But you can use the hydrogen to fill buoyant balloons for the kids, and snort it to talk in a funny voice.
Production of hydrogen or Metan could be a tool for joining the transport sector in the energy system without fossil fuels. Probably, this function of saved electricity as hydrogen is more important, because can do shorter time for re-charging of a transport vehicles. The design of new kind hydrogen storages is still needed, because high pressure tanks are heavy. The limitation of hydro-carbon fossil fuells will open room for this more expensive but clean fuell to use transport vehicles. Electromobiles based of Li bateries needed more time for re-charging and used electricity, produced in the moment by generators in this grid. Cars utilising hydrogen fuell could used energy over -produced in other time with not big load or in the places out of given electricity grid. It important also, that novaday combustion engines could be used utilizing hydrogen without design changes.
Idellay Hydrogen production will eventually be done using Low-Energy Modified Electrolysis Processes, yet to be developed by using Solar/PV/Wind/... Other Renewable Energy Sources.
Another Source is from Sewage-Waste2 Energy Bio-Reactors.
Hydrogen production using Reformer from NG /Hydro carbon is now a promising Stop- Gap Solution for Fuel Cell and Transportation Sector.
in future its promising the hydrogen production from SOEC and its use in high efficiency electrochemical generator as SOFC distributed systems.
Already today we can harvest electrical energy with large Photovoltaic Systems with 8-12 ctEUR/kWh. Even with relatively low roundtrip efficiency we can use electrolysis of water to store this energy in form of Hydrogen and reconvert it later when we need it. With improved Hydrogen technology (electrolysis, fuel-cells, Hydrogen Storage) we will see increasing efficiency at lower and lower cost. With this we have a fantastic option to have very low carbon foot-print sustainable energy over the entire year.
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