Depending on the level of development it may not be easy to tell. With Aureochromis (Tilapia) the most commonly employed method is to carefully hold the fish in question, turn it upside down and squeeze gently to expose the vent region. If you squeeze too hard the fish will be injured. precautions should be taken to minimize stress on the fish during the procedure. If they are not yet fingerlings this may not be possible.
Hi milad,Sexing goldfish is a simple process, but can be very difficult if you aren't sure what you're looking for. the physical and behavioral signs which will help you to identify whether your goldfish is male or female.
Identifying Females
Look for rounder, thicker body shape. Female goldfish tend to have a rounder, thicker body shape than males of the same age and species.
They also tend to be deeper-bodied, which is useful for identifying sex from a side view.
As breeding season approaches, the females will begin to develop roe (eggs), which may cause a bulge on one side, making the female look asymmetrical or lop-sided.
Identifying male
Look for tubercles. One of the main tell-tale signs that your goldfish is male, is the development of tubercles (small white spots) on their gill-shields.
Usually the breeding tubercles will only last during the fish's breeding period, however in older makes who have lived through several breeding seasons, the tubercles may be present all year round.
The tubercles may also appear on the pectoral fins, on the face and on the scales on the body of the fish..
Be aware that although the presence of tubercles is a good indication that your goldfish is male, their absence does not necessarily mean that your fish is female, as not all males will develop tubercles.
Look for a thinner, more streamlined body shape. Males tend to have longer, thinner, more streamlined body shapes than females of the same age and species
Look for a concave vent. A male goldfish's vent is usually narrow and elongated, making it somewhat ovular in shape. It will also be concave (an innie), rather than protruding.
Watch for chasing behavior. One of the most reliable ways to identify male goldfish is to observe their behavior during spawning season.
A male goldfish will chase a female around the tank or pond, staying close behind and slightly beneath her, sometimes nudging her rear.
The male will also attempt to push the female against the side of the tank or into any plants, in order to force her to spawn.
However, in the absence of females, male goldfish will also chase each other around, so it's a good idea to use physical indications as well as behavioral ones to identify sex
It is really difficult to determine sex of immature gold fish. All the materials available are supporting the view of confirming its sex after the fish is being matured. I just have gone through two write up and providing you the links. You can go through these. Don't know whether these will be helpful for you or not.