I read that usually there is no need for special extration procedures or purification steps when dealing with semi-quantitative ELISA assays, but crude cell lysates may contain materials that can interfere in the assay and in plants there will be many chlorophyll and others.
First of all, you need to know, which type of peptides you want to extract: basic or acidic, hydrophobic or hydrophilic to decide, which extraction conditions might be optimal. The easiest way to reduce interference is dilution if the ELISA is sensitive enough. In many cases, the addition of sample buffers with protease inhibitors and a high concentration (1-10%) of BSA reduces some interferences. BTW: Centrifugation and/or filtration to remove any particulate matter is crucial for most immunoassays.
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