Falsity (from Latin falsitas) or falsehood is a perversion of truth originating in the deceitfulness of one party, and culminating in the damage of another party. Falsity is also a measure of the quality or extent of the falseness of something, while a falsehood may also mean simply an incorrect (false) statement, independent of any intention to deceive.

In the Frege-Church ontology, "truth" is the denotation of a true proposition, while "falsity" is the denotation of false propositions.

In esthetics, falsity is ugly, and truth is beautiful.

In existentialism, falsity is usually a thing to be avoided, and is not desired.

http://www.gutenberg.us/articles/Falsity

Falsity (from Latin falsitas) or falsehood is a perversion of truth originating in the deceitfulness of one party, and culminating in the damage of another party. Falsity is also a measure of the quality or extent of the falseness of something, while a falsehood may also mean simply an incorrect (false) statement, independent of any intention to deceive.

In the Frege-Church ontology, "truth" is the denotation of a true proposition, while "falsity" is the denotation of false propositions.

In esthetics, falsity is ugly, and truth is beautiful.

In existentialism, falsity is usually a thing to be avoided, and is not desired.

http://www.gutenberg.us/articles/Falsity

In my opinion the political parties are one of falsity system and also " export democracy".

I suppose you are correct, Dear Dejenie. It looks than the domain of falsity is much larger and much easy to reach. Is the path to correctness much harder and painful?

Dear Fateh,

Very true that "...  falsity  is ugly and truth is beautiful " not only in aesthetics but in every thing wher truth is sought. 

Dear Manuel,

Your example is very illustrative of the very domain where falsity is well utilised and alive. 

Dear Lewis,

You have an interesting point to look both truth and falsity as matter antimatter analogy, right proceed versus its opposite to the detrimental of the right one.

Dear Fikrat,

You are on the point - politics is always polytricks and the process is done via falsiehood. 

Dear Antonio,

It is very true, the path to correctness is an almost impossible way to attain and falsehood reigns almost everywhere. 

This is an excellent question.

To start with, I am a firm believer in divine justice which eventually triumphs. Throughout history, human beings have witnessed systems or structures built on false foundations. These systems gained ground, thrived for a certain time, and expanded. When the "sponsors" of a system thought that it will survive for ever, its downfall came like a tall tree that has been uprooted by a hurricane.

Falsehood has its own supporters or allies but they are comparatively less in number than those who follow truth. That is what the game of modern politics revolves around. The top influential politicians know, deep inside, that their plots or plans are false & that the generally  "good" masses will not accept them if they know the reality of them. Therefore, the ultimate weapons of the "big brothers" are two: 1) Lie smartly & mislead. 2) Spread ignorance of politics among the people as much as possible.

Despite all the intricacy of these "evil" designs, there is the simple fact that "No one can cheat all the masses all the time". There is a point at which enough becomes enough !  The beauty of science & mathematics is that they provide catalysis for developing a better way of thinking among many individuals & these persons will spread knowledge acquisition based on accuracy & evidence. The modern tools of communications will also help in catalysis for the truth to overcome falsehood. By the end of the day "God will help those who help themselves" & the "V" day is coming on time but not according to our timetable.

Most social and political systems in our history were built on religions - and those are from the point of view of every earnest scientist just false. It looks as the human society just needed some rules - and then it was not so important how true or how false were the bases of those rules. People accepted for thousands of years all kind of sacrifices and tortures in the name of those rules. Very late religions started to have some ethical value. Now the fight for a right or a false basis became much more difficult as before, because it is quite difficult to decide what is right and what is wrong for the mankind. Even if the ten commandments are generally accepted, there is a lot of discussion about how to react if they are not respected. And when we are allowed to not respect them - see sentences to death.

So in conclusion persisting and fluorishing was at the beginning not at all matter of truth vs falsity, at least so long as the biological substance was not too much attacked by the falsity. But in the last 2000 of years we made big progresses, and despite the religious terrorist troubles of the moment, I hope that mankind will continue to develop and will finally find a basis of culture and policy which will be in the same time TRUE, RIGHT and CORRECT. 

But it is long way to go, of course.

Truth, like light, blinds. Falsehood, on the contrary, is a beautiful twilight that enhances every object. ~Albert Camus (1913-1960)

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

"Here are some examples of falsities: 

• Counterfeiting money, or attempting to coin genuine legal tender without due authorization;
• Tampering with wills, codicils, or such-like legal instruments;
• Prying into the correspondence of others to their prejudice;
• Using false weights and measures,
• Adulterating merchandise, so as to render saleable what purchasers would otherwise never buy, or so as to derive larger profits from goods otherwise marketable only at lower figures;
• Bribing judges,
• Suborning witnesses;
• Advancing false testimony;
• Manufacturing spurious seals;
• Forging signatures;
• Padding accounts;
• Interpolating the texts of legal enactments; and
• Sharing in the pretended birth of supposititious offspring are among the chief forms which this crime assumes."....

please, see the links..

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falsity

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

Please, see this quote by "Migual de Cervantes" about Falsity:

Bullshit are more insidious.

A conversation with Harry G. Frankfurt, author of On Bullshit, published by Princeton University Press

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1RO93OS0Sk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hp_c8-CfZtg

Dear Nizar,

Well put analysis of issues that some how elude and challenge our time, where people of power in every aspect necessary be  truthful for justice so that social stability is attained. Your statements : "The beauty of science & mathematics is that they provide catalysis for developing a better way of thinking among many individuals & these persons will spread knowledge acquisition based on accuracy & evidence " are well taken. 

Dear Mihai,

Yes it is always a contest  as to who is right and legitimate between science and religion, and that contest sometimes transformed to a brutal and nonsense warfare of irrationality.  I share your words : " I hope that mankind will continue to develop and will finally find a basis of culture and policy which will be in the same time TRUE, RIGHT and CORRECT". 

Dear Hazim,

That is an interesting list of activities of falsehood that breath fresh air in society. Therefore, as a society of common destiny, we are  not yet out of the woods of self damaging behaviors. 

Dear Maurizio,

The video you have attached is interesting. It touches much what my question seeks answers. He explicitly state, deforming truth and lack of respect and value for truth is a  dangerous phenomena to the proper continuity of human civilization. 

False - one of two basic boolean values. The second is the truth. False is the incompatibility of the content of judgment (sentence) with this, to which it refers. In mathematical logic falsehood is only a symbol, there is no deeper meaning. In common parlance and traditional logic behind false statement shall be deemed to something that does not happen in reality or denial of something that took place. The logical positivism also take into account the value of not even false, for claims unverifiable, which means that the sentence does not make any sense real or not refer to any facts.

In mathematics at a given system of axioms, some claims are intractable, and therefore are neither true nor false. Only if in the real world may be true unresolved and left without comment?

Dear Agnieszka,

Your arguments regarding statements that are considered in mathematics and common public discourse are well taken, particularly those which are neither proven true nor false. The advance of mathematics however, enables more logical values to be assigned to statements via fuzzy logic, in which Boolean values are not quite sufficient and not exhaustive enough of all valid possibilities and it was reasonable  to develop a wider multi valued logical structures for decision making and research.  

We live in a world full of contradictions and live in a fast time of what the masks fall false. I do not think there is a person in this world does not know to distinguish between right and wrong but our interests and our attitude prevents many people from the face of this strongly and sincerely and clearly false Masks

Willing or preferring is the same with respect to good and evil, that judging is with respect to truth or falsehood. ~ Anthony Collins (1676-1729)

Dear Dejenie,

Dear all:

Although there are systems of thought that are false in absolute terms -racism, for example- and others that are indisputably true -some mathematical structures-, I think that in most cases the judgment of what is true or false may be very contentious.

Almost all scientific systems -with the exception of logic and mathematics- are provisional, so in essence they are neither true nor false. Most of the other structures of thought are partly true and partly false.. Most philosophical systems fall into this category The architecture of ideas created by Aristotle, Kant or Heidegger, even if they were mostly false, are beautiful and have the right to exist forever, at least as models of the creativity and boldness of human thought. 

Falsehood is inevitably associated with our human condition to err. I think the systems created with an obvious purpose of misleading are the ones subjected to rejection and oblivion.

Dear Hussein,

You are correct most people know what is right and not right somehow, but doing the wrong one the leading causes of troubles, but at the same time, not caring to know what the right one is interesting and also a rising behavior that creates  obstacle, as clearly pointed out by Harry G. Frankfurt in the clip attached by dear Maurizio above. 

Dear Jose,

Yes there are certainly false social things, such as the example you cited and also certainly true things and contingencies in between. However as you said it , pioneers of things that are basis for what we are today should always be respected and valued with their initial foot prints, including the creators of reasoning and formal thought arguments to justify truth, like Aristotle, Plato and others. 

Simply falsity is the opposite one of the truth. Sometimes, the size of domain of existence is less and more depends on the situation. Yes, its temporal span is there.

You will learn at your expense that in the long journey of life you will encounter many masks and few faces.

(Luigi Pirandello, Italian Nobel Prize for Literature)

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

"Falsity cannot keep an idea from being beautiful; there are certain errors of such ingenuity that one could regret their not ranking among the achievements of the human mind."

                                                                             -----  Jean Rostand

Dear Lerardi,

That is right : " ...in our life time w will encounter more masks and few faces ", i.e, what is common is falsity and truth is a rarity. 

The United Nations has issued an important decision in the fight against terrorism, a few days ago after the painful incident in Paris. But forgot millions of innocent people in Iraq and Syria, despite the dead and many of the same decisions to issue invitations. I think it's falsity. The Spyker massacre is one of UN falsity. In this massacre done by ISIS in which they are culling of more than 800 people, but no one heard any decision from the UN.

Dear Fikrat,

The images you posted and the actions displayed in it and that go with higher frequency and in broader scales are some of the perplexing paradoxes of humanity. It is a tragedy not to able to see these falsities by the perpetrators, in which no person of reason of this modern time wants to see.  

There are many-many "structures that are built on falsity and continue to exist and flourish" in Physics.

The reasons are:

• carrers that have been built upon those theories
• financially gigantic projects that are operating providing that those theories are valid

Don't ask me about examples, please!

Dear all

The falsity and truth in the domainsm of media news puzzles me.

A falsity news repeating 100 times or 1000 times can let public sure it is truth.

Dear all

The falsity and truth in the domains of friendship puzzles me. The falsity and truth in Philosophy of Mathematics is logical and provable. but falsity and truth in friendship is no logic , unprovable and variable.

Dear Colleagues.

Good Day,

"Truth is confirmed by inspection and delay; falsehood by haste and uncertainty."

                                                                      ------  Tacitus

This weekend, spurred by Dejenie question, I re-read, after several years, the novel Embers by Sándor Márai. I think this novel, it does not provide answers,  but asks many good questions about truth, falsehood, betrayal (it is not only the sexual betrayal as emphasized in many reviews, but I think is just a narrative necessity) and friendship developing well what was indicated by Chun.

 “A fundamental question which every human being asks himself at some point in his relationships is, "Is this person truly my friend - or is he my enemy?" This question certainly concerned Sándor Márai, and it circles like a great, black cloud through the pages of his remarkable novel, Embers.” (Taken from a site that I can not find)

Dear Maurizio,

Although I have not read the book but I can tell from your appreciation of the discourse that it puts such  interesting questions of thought, reason and decisions in closer relations, but the beginning of the crack in such cases is mostly misunderstanding  or betrayal for self benefit, a weak means to satisfy  a self absorbed desire which will later end up in regret.

The misunderstanding case in particular is like a farmer who came extremely hungry from distant trips and thought nothing that exists at home will satisfy his hunger  and decided to slaughter his ox or bull, but after he ate few meat he completely not only satisfied by regretted that he slaughtered his bull over feeling and estimating his hunger and  by doing so, he lost one of the most important means of a farmer living.  

Dear Dejenie, I completely agree with what you said and with the beautiful metaphor of the ox. Personally I think the truth is a relationship. The truth is that when our lives (crosses the life of the brothers) opens spaces of trust. The truth is that we recognize the beauty, dignity and originality of our brothers. The truth is not to make the other feel unsuited to life.

 (Recommended by Alessandro Dehò)

Yes i do think that falsity could exist and flourish, but for a time. Some people could exploit the faille of a system to built their empire, but a fragile empire who could vanish easily when things are corrected, or be corrected by the natural evolution of the time and the society?

From: 

George E. Van Hoesen to you 2 hours ago

Dejenie,

You are correct there is no science without truth. It is my thought that we are in a bad place in the advancement of science because there is not much truth in the area of science.

We have fallen into an endless loop of falsity and only make it worse by building on old and bad theories that are wrong.

We must free ourselves of the bad science by new better science to build a better future.

George

Dear Fairouz, 

Yes truth knocks the walls of falsity and sometimes destroys it, but not all the time.

Dear george,

Indeed establishing a system of truth requires bold and honest people who value truth more than anything. It is then we move towards the realm of truth in which falsity remains at the outskirts as unnecessary state

Dear all

About the novel “Embers” by Sándor Márai, I just found an abstract to read. If the loving and not loving in the novel are both truth, how about truth?Are all lovely? Are all acceptable?

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

“Truth, as any dictionary will tell you, is a property of certain of our ideas. It means their agreement, as falsity means their disagreement, with reality.”

                                                                             ―William James

Dear Hazim,

Indeed, truth is a co-linearity/conformity of a property with that of  reality and that is what governs science. What is difficult is truth of society, in which reality is multi variant in description and in values as well.

Dear Dr Lakew

You can read this paper

Structural control of mixed ionic and electronic transport in conducting polymers

Jonathan Rivnay, Sahika Inal, Brian A. Collins, Michele Sessolo, Eleni Stavrinidou, Xenofon Strakosas, Christopher Tassone, Dean M. Delongchamp & George G. Malliaras

Affiliations

Contributions

Corresponding author

Nature Communications

7,

Article number:

11287

doi:10.1038/ncomms11287

Received

16 December 2015

Accepted

08 March 2016

Published

19 April 2016

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate), PEDOT:PSS, has been utilized for over two decades as a stable, solution-processable hole conductor. While its hole transport properties have been the subject of intense investigation, recent work has turned to PEDOT:PSS as a mixed ionic/electronic conductor in applications including bioelectronics, energy storage and management, and soft robotics. Conducting polymers can efficiently transport both holes and ions when sufficiently hydrated, however, little is known about the role of morphology on mixed conduction. Here, we show that bulk ionic and electronic mobilities are simultaneously affected by processing-induced changes in nano- and meso-scale structure in PEDOT:PSS films. We quantify domain composition, and find that domain purification on addition of dispersion co-solvents limits ion mobility, even while electronic conductivity improves. We show that an optimal morphology allows for the balanced ionic and electronic transport that is critical for prototypical mixed conductor devices. These findings may pave the way for the rational design of polymeric materials and processing routes to enhance devices reliant on mixed conduction.

 Good response. Yes falsity is also a measure of the quality or extent of the falseness of something, while a falsehood may also mean simply an incorrect (false) statement, independent of any intention to deceive.

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

“Intellectuals are judged not by their morals, but by the quality of their ideas, which are rarely reducible to simple verdicts of truth or falsity, if only because banalities are by definition accurate.”

  ― Perry Anderson, Spectrum: From Right to Left in the World of Ideas

your expected answer is ?

1. math related = multiverse entity manifestation, equation solving

2. religious one = multiple representation of divinity and its manifestation using the available instruments?

3. philosophical : we can define an answer? what will be ?

4. engineering: what the hell you want from me? please be more explicit!

5. art: is a conscious manifestation of what I am/we are

6.... a.s.o ( the engineer)

Dear Hazim,

Indeed  " ...scientists are measured by the quality of their ideas ... " and because they constantly work in search of truth, they practice the right ways, the reasonable ways of doing things to arrive at what they are searching - " truth" which is a practice of virtue of being truthful. Most of the time true scientists are virtuous and have convictions of morality and global consciousness.  

Dear Mihai,

Falsehood exists in every dimension of activity humans do and  live except in mathematics, science and the utility of technology, as their proper functioning is absolutely dependent on truth. 

Please, read the attached file

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

Falsity cannot keep an idea from being beautiful; there are certain errors of such ingenuity that one could regret their not ranking among the achievements of the human mind.

                                                                            ----  Jean Rostand

Dear Colleagues,

Good Day,

Almost all political campaigns involve falsity and playacting.

                                                                               ----  Rich Lowry

Dear Hazim,

Indeed politics seems selling a book only with its cover, regardless of what the inside is.  People do not seem interested or lack some virtue  to check  the contents and inside of the book.