With further advancement in the miniaturization, genetic engineering, and nanotechnology, a new trend is initiating in the equipment development race. Considering the present scenario of environment, a need arises for the design of more precise and reliable devices with rapid analysis of desired pollutant .
Industrialization and urbanization have intensified environmental health risks and pollution, especially in developing countries. Air pollution, lead poisoning, inadequate water supply, sanitation and hygiene, and hazardous waste cause debilitating and fatal illnesses, create harmful living conditions, and destroy ecosystems. Pollution stunts economic growth and exacerbates poverty and inequality in both urban and rural areas. Poor people, who cannot afford to protect themselves from the negative impacts of pollution, often suffer the most.
http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/environment/brief/pollution
Pollution control is an important topic and authorities need to develop partnerships with different sectors to identify and implement priority interventions.
*Concerted actions are needed to safely manage the use of toxic chemicals and to develop monitoring and regulatory guidelines.
*Recycling and the use of biodegradable products must be encouraged.
*Technologies to reduce air pollution at the source are well established and should be used in all new industrial development.
*Retrofitting of existing industries and power plants is also worthwhile.
*The growing number of private motor vehicles in developing countries brings certain benefits, but alternative means of transportation, particularly in rapidly growing urban areas, need to be considered at an early stage, as the negative health and economic impacts of high concentrations of motor vehicles are well established.
* The principles and practices of sustainable development, coupled with local research are needed.
* International collaboration involving both governmental and nongovernmental organizations can guide this highly interdisciplinary and intersectoral area.
(Kjellstrom,T. and others "Air and Water Pollution: Burden and Strategies for Control")
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