In recent years, significant progress has been made in cancer treatment, particularly, as asked, in immunotherapy and targeted therapies.

Some of the most promising recent studies include chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, which involves the genetic modification of a patient’s own T lymphocytes to recognize and destroy cancer cells. The FDA has approved the use of obecabtagene autoleucel for adult patients who previously did not respond to conventional therapies.

Another notable approach is tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, which consists of extracting these lymphocytes from the patient’s tumor, expanding them in the laboratory, and reinfusing them to enhance the body’s immune response against cancer.

CRISPR/Cas gene-editing technologies are also playing a crucial role in biomedicine, allowing precise gene modifications. In oncology, clinical trials are underway using these technologies to alter immune cells, making them more effective at attacking cancer cells.

Another innovative development is cancer cell reversion, led by researchers at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. Their goal is to restore cancer cells to a normal state without destroying them, unlike most conventional treatments. This technique has shown promising results in colon cancer cells and offers a less destructive and invasive alternative.

Lastly, the use of common medications in cancer treatment has gained attention, with aspirin being one of the most studied. Research has shown that it may help slow the spread of certain cancers, such as intestinal and breast cancer, by strengthening the immune system.

In conclusion, these advances highlight the scientific community's ongoing commitment to the fight against this disease.