IPM  combines several methods as:

-food or sexual -trap added with insecticide

-pulvérisation clay

-sterile insect technique

using parasitoid

Since the 1980s research has been ongoing to develop traps with toxicants on the exterior surface and baited with food-based attractants alone or in combination with the synthetic female-produced sex pheromone, named ‘Olive Fruit Fly Lure-Spiroketal Male’ by Suterra LLC (Bend, OR, USA). Attracted by the sex pheromone, food-based attractant, and/or the yellow color, both males and females land on the toxicant-impregnated panel and receive a lethal dose of insecticide. These have often been called poison traps, and control efforts that use them are referred to as mass trapping.

More recently, two types of bait stations have been used: (1) Eco-Trap (light-green-colored paper that contained ammonium bicarbonate salt, coated with UV-light protected deltamethrin, and baited externally with a pheromone lure) and the (2) Greek DakoFaka® (meaning trap for the olive fly) bait station (it integrates a visual stimulus, food attractants (ammonia releasing compounds), and no pheromone; the killing agent is a pyrethroid insecticide).

There are many successful examples of management of fruit fly using sterile insect technique. But this is costly and works well in area wide management.

You coould contact Dr. David Nestel (Israel) he is working in this topic for many years

David Nestel, Ph.D.

Department of Entomology

Institute of Plant Protection

Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6

Beit Dagan 50250, Israel

 Phone: 972-3-9683690

Fax: 972-3-9604180

 [email protected]

Holistic approaches would be the best to control this pest rather than relying on one approach. The most possible techniques that can be used are: use of potential biocontrol agents, mating disruption and the cultural practices.

Dr Roger Vargas USDA ARS is a wonderful resource on all things about fruit fly control. He works at Pacific Agriculture Research Center in Hawaii.

Dear Mohmoud, usually we get good results by using all available tools to control fruit flies. Firstly you have to monitor the whole area to know exactaly what are the mean fruit hosts, what period of year the population is higher and where. Based on these data, so you have to decide what are the best tools to be used. To firstly decrease the population I suggest to use chemical control (bait station), by using a selective insecticide such as SUCCESS, and colect and destroy ripen host fruits, to avoid that fruit flies complete their life cicle in the soil. After that, you could use SIT for this species, and in this case, you could contact David Nestel or Yoav Gazit from Israel, who have experience with B. olea. Paralely you could use parasitoids, native ou exotic ones, through augmentative release.

Please, let me know if you want more details.

• Sex Pheromone traps and sanitation are the best option for management of fruitflies

Dear Beatriz

Current control methods for the Olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, and their application in Egypt

Natural enemies and biological control

1-Parasitoides and predators

2-Entomopathogenic nematodes

Chemical control

1-Pesticide application

2-Soil treatment

Cultural and legislative control measures

Attractants

1-Feeding attractants (Bait spray)

2-Male attractants (Trapping and male annihilation

Other methods

1-Plant resistance

2-Genetic techniques (mass rearing and quality control)

3-Genetic sexing

Dear Mahamoud,

That is fantastic you have available all those tools to control fruit flies.

I work mainly with SIT (C. capitata and Anastrepha fracterculus), and biological control (parasitoids natives and exótics, fungous).

Dear Beatriz,

I worked also with SIT on Ceratitis capitata and Bactrocera zonata in the lab., because i think that application in the field is very difficult in EGYPT.

Please tell me about  types of parasitoids  on Bactrocera oleae

In Israel we use mainly bait sprays and bait-stations (lure and kill).

The egg-pupae Braconid - Diachasmimorpha kraussii, that was brought against Medfly, had been established and found to parasite B. oleae as well.