- A straightforward explanation of Climate Change:
The heat from human emissions is roughly equal to exploding 400,000 Hiroshima atomic bombs every day. Historically, every time carbon dioxide levels increase in Earth's atmosphere, the average surface temperature increases, ice melts, and the seas rise.
What do you say ?
Please contribute your part.
Thank you!
There are somany, but I will keep deforestation on top of the list.
Dear sir,
According to me there are several causes of climate change, but all the problems are based upon a major problem which is over population. Either it is deforestation, any kind of pollution, global warming or whatever it is, all these problems are inter-linked and all are due to increasing population.
Please read Konrad Lorenz’s book: Civilized Man's Eight Deadly Sins (German title: Die acht Todsünden der zivilisierten Menschheit)
Dear Muhammad
I also agree with Piyush. Now, we are require to 1.2 planet for our needs. Increasing population, oil extraction and other fuels, crops supply, deforestation are causes for increasning CO2 levels in the atmosphere and then climate change.
The top list cause of climate change is deforestation and the next one is carbon emission from industries!
Start with https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleoclimatology and graphs therein, where man on earth is just a little portion of the story. But focus on his era, where there is a great jump in latest years.
Climate change or global warming is a very hot topic of discussion. Climate change is fact. But the main debate lies on the causes or factors which have major role in the climate change.
Lot of discussions in various threads of RG are going on. See the following threads where many researchers across the world have expressed their expert views.
Climate change or global warming - Is it only due to anthropogenic activities?
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Climate_change_or_global_warming-Is_it_only_due_to_anthropogenic_activities
Global warming and climate change: Hoax or reality?
https://www.researchgate.net/post/Global_warming_and_climate_change_Hoax_or_reality
In your opinion which is more significant on Climate change of the Earth, Global Warming or the Hole in the Ozone Layer? And which will dominate?
https://www.researchgate.net/post/In_your_opinion_which_is_more_significant_on_Climate_change_of_the_Earth_Global_Warming_or_the_Hole_in_the_Ozone_Layer_And_which_will_dominate
Back to the big picture. Climate change is caused by:
1) Changes in solar output.
2) Changes in planetary geometry.
3) Changes in Earth's continental/oceanic geometry.
4) Changes in oceanic/atmospheric composition.
5) Changes in Earth's biota.
All of these change naturally, but humans only significantly affect 4) and 5).
Climate change is a broad concept. Temperature change, change in rainfall patterns and humidity are measurable variables that contribute to climate change.
1.enhanced greenhouse effect( which leads to global warming) as a result of anthropogenic activities such as industralization. Increased emissions can also be attributed to increasing population.
2. Deforestation and destruction of vegetation affects the patterns of rainfall
These few links may be useful
https://www.science.org.au/learning/...climate-change/3-are-human-activities-causing
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/global-warming-101
www.cru.uea.ac.uk/documents/421974/.../8bfcc043-5c7c-47f0-9469-8b3c867e56e4
@Ales: Your first point is far more complex than you suggest. Although the sun has become steadily brighter during the last 4.5 billions (!) of years, the overall temperature of the Earth has remained more or less constant. This observation is commonly attributed to the greenhouse effect: various geo-biological feedback loops seem to have decreased the atmospheric greenhouse gas content while the sun was getting brighter, thus compensating the increasing radiation. However, human factors such as increased CO2 output may have led to a triggering of the natural greenhouse effect, which in turn may cause global warming in the long term. On the other hand, short-term climate changes might be also affect by distinctive variations of solar activity, such as UV irradiance or solar wind.
Dear Researcher,
Climate Change may be caused by Natural reasons or may be due Anthropogenic effects,
Naturally due to
- Variability of CO2 concentrations,
- Milankovitch cycles,
Also Climate may change due to anthropogenic effects,
- - Increase of CO2 emissions,
- - Changes in land use from agricultural to urban uses,
- Deforestation.
Thank you .
Climate change as occurred throughout history, here has been seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat in the past 650 000 years The emission of greenhouse gases (Carbon dioxide, water vapor, methane,etc) due to human activities has initiated the current climate change cycle. These gases become trapped in the Earth's atmosphere and prevent heat from escaping, resulting in the phenomenon known as global warming. Global warming is the heating up of the atmosphere that causes the effects of climate change, including sea-level rise and increasing surface temperatures.
Water makes all possible average global temperature changes self-limiting. The cause and quantification of the small changes since the depths of the LIA are described at http://globalclimatedrivers2.blogspot.com . All of the carbon in limestone, marble, coal, petroleum, etc. came from CO2 in the atmosphere.
The major causes of climate change
(a) anthropogenic emissions
(b) natural causes such as changes in Earth geometry, volcanic eruptions, solar variability
But IPCC reports the current climate change is highly likely cause by (a).
For ipcc report:
http://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/mindex.shtml
So, basically countries agreed to reduce emissions and hopefully reduce the rising temperature. Look the attached figure for an example.
Ali Karem Kadhum's answer (above) is good. I would add two other phenomena: volcanic eruptions and internal mechanisms such as the global thermohaline circulation (GTHC). Volcanoes add CO2 which adds to the greenhouse effect, but they also add sulfur aerosol to the stratosphere which reflects sunlight for a cooling effect. The effects of recent volcanic eruptions (like Pinatubo, Philippines) were found through detailed measurements to cause global cooling for a few years due to the aerosol. The GTHC already regularly affects global temperatures via its redistribution of ocean heat energy. Therefore, disruption of the GTHC by various processes can have a cascading effect on global temperature. There are some troublesome normative statements in the above comments; we all need more positive statements.
One argument for participating in the discussion on the climate is basic knowledge of the ”bigger picture”. We are presently in an Ice Age (at least one of the poles are continously covered in ice) that has lasted many million years. There are ice ages apporximately every 250 million years, there has been about eight of them during the history of the Earth, but over time, the Earth history is to 80% ice free, an ice free Earth is the normal.
The glacial record shows that the frequency of glaciations, i.e. the forward movements of glaciers, changed from one each 40 000 years to one every 100 000 years at present correlating to the variation in the elliptic trajectory of the Earth around the Sun. Each glaciation last for about 90 000 years, followed by a warming period of 10 000 years. Now we are in a warming period that has lasted for about 10 000 years. Based on this the arguments for an antropogenic warming now need to prove that this is not one out of ten natural warmings. This is statistically challenging.
The climate record question if CO2is a cause or an effect of warming. Based on the effective warming and the abundance of the different greenhouse gases water vapour stands out through the vast amount of energy needed for its phase changes. Thus the local evapotranspiration is vital for the local climate, in addition to the shading effect of plants and trees. The drainage and deforestation of continents is more that adequate to explain the latest warming trends. So who are you to say it is CO2? Or long term natural trends?
Your are propagandists funded by your beneficiaries.
The claims about "Hiroshima Bombs" and "Carbon Dioxide" sound like nonsense - they are straight out of the fraudulent blog site Skeptical Science.
if you are serious about your question as to what are the major causes of climate change, then the Solar/planets/lunar/galactic cosmic ray changes are what drive climate change on Earth. Here are 16 of the main climate cycles as found in the literature;
9.1 Lunar Moon’s orbital cycles
11 Schwabe Sunspot cycle tied to Jupiter’s orbit
22 Hale Magnetic field reversal on the sun cycle
61 Yoshimura Sun barycentre motion Jupiter/Saturn tidal beat
84 - 92 Gleissberg Solar activity related to Uranus orbital period
120 Velasco Predicts solar minimum in 2040
172 Landscheidt Uranus and Neptune Resonance
210 - 240 De-Vries / Suess TSI cycle linked via a 5/2 resonance to Uranus
934 Bond Angular momentum - sum of planets and Sun
1,470 Dansgaard-Oeschger Not known – found through Heinrich events
2,300 Hallstatt / Bray Solar cycle
26,000 Milankovitch Precession cycle of the Earth’s axis
41,000 Milankovitch Obliquity cycle of the Earth’s axial tilt
100,000 Milankovitch Eccentricity cycle; changes in Earth’s orbit
32,000,000 Not named yet Sun’s vertical oscillation through Milky Way
141,000,000 Not named yet Sun traverses Milky Way’s spiral arms
Other causes of climate change are;
volcanic eruptions
atmospheric pressure changes
asteroid impacts
Rapid globalization has fasten the speed of industrialization, which increased the growth rates but not with any environmental sustainability. This is the major reason of climate change.
Kenneth
I agree, there probably would be some anthropogenic effect on the lower atmospheric temperature from such inputs as; albedo changes due to farming or deforestation, and heat from our cities.
The overall effect is likely to be small at present, probably too small to measure. This is probably why it has never been quantified and attributed yet.
However, none of this has anything at all to do with anthropogenic CO2 and CH4, which according to the IPCC is the supposed culprit of 97% of recent warming.
Thank you for all great contribution.
Here the question rise.... How can we overcome or control ? and how long it will take if we start now to take care of our planet not by only research or saying.
Regards
Dr. Muhammad Saqib Irshad
Develop countries might conquer this issue, what do you suggest for under develop or lower develop counties ?
Dear Muhammed Saqib Ihshad,
There are three major causes for climate change. These are:
1. Cosmic causes (Sun, geometry of the Sun and Earth, and other influences),
2. Geological causes (configuration and size of land and ocean, mountain and type of surface, etc), and
3. Influence of plants, animals and humans.
The impact on climate of each of these major causes and their interactions is the subject of science studies and for now there is no final and accurate answer to the question of how climate change takes place.
Best wishis,
Milivoj B. Gavrilov
Dear Guru Prasad Bhandari,
I have spent a long lifetime searching for truth, and it can be very difficult to find (recognize). But, lately, I have found a much easier pathway (shortcut) to the truth ... if Trump says something (anything), then the exact opposite is likely to be the truth!
Best wishes for a happy & prosperous NEW YEAR in 2019!
Bob
We are interfering natural systems of plant-animal-human system because of our desire for luxury.
I totally agree with the points mentioned by Dr. Milivoj B. Gavrilov.
Climate science is a very complex subject. This has to be studied with all considerations related to natural and anthropogenic influences.
Both natural variations and anthropogenic inputs are responsible for climate change. But quantification is not possible.
There is compelling evidence it is NOT CO2:
1. In the late Ordovician Period, the planet plunged into and warmed up from the Andean/Saharan ice age, all at about 10 times the current CO2 level [3].
2. Over the Phanerozoic eon (last 542 million years) there is no correlation between CO2 level and AGT [3].
3. During the last and previous glaciations AGT trend changed directions before CO2 trend [2].
4. Since AGT has been directly and accurately measured world wide (about 1895), AGT has exhibited up and down trends while CO2 trend has been only up. [2]
5. Since 2001, average temperature uptrend calculated by Global Climate Models (GCMs, aka General Circulation Models) which assume CO2 causes AGW is about twice measured. [13]
6. Analysis of CO2 and Temperature data 2002-2008 shows a close correlation between dCO2/dT and lower tropospheric temperature. This demonstrates that CO2 follows temperature and not the reverse. [30]
7. Average global temperature is increasing about twice as fast as it should be calculated on the basis of increased vapor pressure of water resulting from temperature increase of the water. (Section 8 here)
8. Temperature is now about what it was in 2002 [4]. CO2 has increased since 2002 by 40% of its increase 1800 to 2002. [21] See Figure 0.2. By similarity, none of the other ghg (except water vapor) have any significant effect on climate either.
Numbers in [ ] are references in my blog analysis at http://globalclimatedrivers2.blogspot.com
I recommend the following with respect to this question:
- Future of Life-Cycle Assessment in a Smart and/or Sustainable World
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338327265_Future_of_Life-Cycle_Assessment_in_a_Smart_andor_Sustainable_World?_sg=g0BM2_3Co09ATb3YNGmKy_tB1tB8ybiENo7OdBB2gFo8drBJ3iOFMtDLGYos2cgdfTN-fWVlLkLAIuaniAbpTg-_UlujQRbWVFwPZWLP.cX90sTtsr07qErzgxugoWS4L1EbC6K0TIl6anNGZeClcP4xArQPROzLP4RHkT7DqzfF7h1RDeD381gCJWGPnOQ
- Internet of Things and the Future of Life-Cycle Assessment in Smart World
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325871906_Internet_of_Things_and_the_Future_of_Life-Cycle_Assessment_in_Smart_World
1 Anthropogenic activities--Human activity such as industrilization leading to release of Green House Gases in the Atmosphere
2.Natural causes such as Volcanic activity and Sun variation in the course of the year
Molecule for molecule, water vapor is more effective at planet warming than CO2. Since accurate worldwide measurements have been made, seven molecules of WV have been added for each molecule of CO2. Humanity's entire contribution to warming is from water vapor increase resulting about 90% from increased irrigation. CO2 does not now, never has and never will have a significant effect on climate. A 96+% match with measured average global temperatures 1895-2020 is accomplished with only 3 factors. CO2 is not one of them. http://globalclimatedrivers2.blogspot.com
Muhammad Saqib Irshad
Muhammad first you need to define what you mean by "Climate Change".
The Various Definitions of Climate Change and global warming;
DICTIONARY.COM
“A long-term change in the Earth’s climate.”
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/climate+change
UNFCCC;
"Climate change" means a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods”.
http://unfccc.int/files/documentation/text/html/list_search.php?%20zwhat=keywords&val=&valan=a&anf=0&id=10
IPCC;
“Climate change in IPCC usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”.
From AR4;
http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/syr/en/mains1.html
And “Global Warming”
Here is the correct definition of global warming;
"An increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere, especially a sustained increase sufficient to cause climatic change."
From; http://www.thefreedictionary.com/global+warming
There is no mention of humans.
Here is the correct definition of climate change;
“A long-term change in the Earth’s climate.”
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/climate+change
Again, no mention of humans.
By the way; What you said about "Hiroshima atomic bombs" is rubbish.
Dr Robert Ian Holmes (PhD in Climate Science)