In spite of clear tendencies of Alexander III the Great to build an empire that would unite number of nations, it is not quite clear how far he practiced the “brotherhood of nations”, i.e. homonoia. (See below Tarn, and de Mauriac  as well as the use of the term by Aristotle, that I gave later). His empire and later Diadochi states were apparently not quite compatible with the idea “of being of one mind together”, what the word “homonoia” probably should mean. Was the reality quite opposite?

Were the political and administrative structure of the Macedonian states, the empire of Alexander of Macedonia, Egypt of Ptolemy’s and the Hellenistic Diadochi states, while its citizens were of mixed national origins, prominently “nationalistic states”?

What kind of state was the empire of the Alexander of Macedonia? Was it a Macedonian nationalistic state, where all high administrative and military positions as well as core military units were occupied by the Macedonians; or did its political structures mirrored the mixed multi-national population that constituted the empire? How many of Alexander’s generals and high officials were Greek and how many Macedonian? Did Alexander chose for satraps in the occupied territories some Geeks or exclusively Macedonians and local dignitaries? What was the national structure of the core military units that were left in the occupied regions?

I am also interested in the political system of the Ancient Egypt at the end of the 4th century BC. Was the Egyptian Ptolemy dynasty an Egyptian, Macedonian or Greek dynasty? Did the Ptolemy family mix with the Greek families or with local Egyptian families or it remained “racially clean” Macedonian?

What kind of states were Hellenistic states? Were they by their political and national structure Macedonian or Greek? How many generals in those states were Greeks and how many still Macedonians? Did they rely exclusively on high military or state officials that were Greeks or they were mostly Macedonians; did “nationalism” lose its power with time and when?

* When the commentators would advance significant affirmation, I would encourage them to put the most relevant and direct reference, if possible avoiding popular reviews and other non scholarly publications.

** Please avoid discussing the side issues. The particular aspects of the concepts of "nation", "state", "polis", "citizenship", "ethnicism" and related concepts, could be discussed here:

https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_is_nation

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Tarn, WW: Alexander the Grat, Vol II, Sources and Studies, Chapter 25, Cambridge University Press, 2002 (1948).

Henry M. de Mauriac: Alexander the Great and the Politics of "Homonoia", Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 10, No. 1 (Jan., 1949), pp. 104-114, Published by: University of Pennsylvania Press, Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2707202

Additional information.

The expression “homonoia” in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics (EN) was translated by Crisp, Reckham and Thomson by “concord”. Here below are some parallel translations of some connected Greek espressions from the classical and more recent translators of the EN (in the following order: Bartlett-Collins, Crisp; Reckham; Ross; Thomson). This list may help make clear some points that get easily confused.

Homonoia = like-mindedness; concord; concord; unanimity; concord

1155a24 (Book 8, VIII, 1)

1167a22 (Book 9, IX, 6)

Eunoia = goodwill; goodwill; goodwill : goodwill; goodwill

1166b30 (Book 9, IX, 5)

Koinonia = community ; community; partnership; community; community

1159b27 (Book 8, VIII, 9)

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I recommend using those bibliographies below. There are certainly, other sublime lists of works related to the subject. Please avoid too popular works, although some of them may be excellent.

https://sites.google.com/site/hellenisticbibliography/history/alexander-the-great

http://1stmuse.com/alex3/bibliography.html

http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/bibliography.html

http://www.hippeis.com/bibliography

http://web.ics.purdue.edu/~rauhn/Hist303/Alexander%20Bibliography.htm

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781444327519.biblio/pdf

http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/classics/students/modules/alex/bibliography/

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