In your opinion, which one is more suitable for using in climatic and hydrologic studies? And why?
Well... I would say R :) Article Using R in hydrology: a review of recent developments and fu...
If you intend to perform data analysis or apply statistical tests on researches on the topics mentioned, R is enough precisely because it contains everything you will need for hypothesis testing and graphing, for example, in its libraries.
If besides applying data analysis / statistical tests to a research, you intend to develop software to automate and make the analysis possible, allowing the visualization of the results through a web interface, I would recommend Python, since in R the development in this sense is more complicated. Python has very good web development framweorks, as well as a number of data analysis / statistical testing libraries that can be easily used in conjunction with these frameworks.
Simply put: for scientific research, use R; if you intend to go beyond scientific research, use Python.
https://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/23/2939/2019/hess-23-2939-2019.pdf
Dear Alireza,
It might give you guidance if you scan through the scientific literature of climatology and hydrology in webofknowledge.com and do a mini-analysis of the number of times R and python are mentioned in these papers. I guess R is used more often, although it does not necessarily mean that it is the best for conducting such research. I think Victor Diogho Heuer de Carvalho is absolutely right about the purpose-specific selection of the language/software.
HTH,
Ákos
Hey Alireza Araghi
Python and R, these two are the most demanded programming languages for Data Science.
But overall I would suggest Python, given that it has some robust libraries.
https://data-flair.training/blogs/r-vs-python/
Have a look at the link for more detailed information.
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