Hi Saidhbhe, the most important questions of pharmacokinetics of small drugs are:
1) does the drug bind to serum albumin?,
2) how well does the drug bind to serum albumin?
3) how can we improve the drug binding to serum albumin?
If a drug does not bind serum albumin, it will be filtered out by the kidneys in minutes and end up in the toilet.
So the simplest benchtop way to see if a drug is a viable candidate is its binding to serum albumin. It doesn't matter what organ you are looking at. Kidneys effectively filter out anything under 40 kDa. Albumin is ~68 kDa. Stuff bound to albumin stays around. Anything smaller will be filtered and flushed.
1. Benchtop way: BSA-Drug "spectrophotometry" to do a kinetics study at 280 nm for BSA and if any or 220 nm absorption for "drug". Can be done in visible range as well.
2. Spectrofluorimetry: Binding kinetics etc.
3. MALDI-ToF to determine the ration/ stoichiometry of binding worked well for me- and if a MALDI is around, it is bench top as sample preparation and data analysis is like non-existent. : )