Hi
Before asking let me tell you about my work. My goal is nanoencapsulation of Silibum marianum total extract (powder) which will be gavaged to broilers as liquid.
Nanocapsulation is OK but the procedure of encapsulation efficiency (EE%) is my problem.
I know its equation : Entrapment Efficiency (%)= (Total amount of silymarin – free unentrapped silymarin) / Total amount of silymarin.
Could you tell me how I must to do it?
with thanks.
Dear Sepehr
I hope following articles will be helpful for you;
1. Encapsulated plant extract (Gelsemium sempervirens) poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles enhance cellular uptake and increase bioactivity in vitro
http://ebm.sagepub.com/content/235/6/678.short
2. Plant Extract Synthesized PLA Nanoparticles for Controlled and Sustained Release of Quercetin: A Green Approach
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0041230
3. Encapsulation of Natural Polyphenolic Compounds; a Review
http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/3/4/793/htm
4. Encapsulation of polyphenolic antioxidants from medicinal plant extracts in alginate–chitosan system enhanced with ascorbic acid by electrostatic extrusion
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0963996911001876
To analyze the free unentrapped silymarin you must use a solvent that don't dissolve your wall material, in order to quantify only the amount of silymarin that is free /on the surface or weakly entrapped in the nanocapsules. Then, to quantify the total amount of silymarin in your system, use a solvent that is capable to dissolve and break the nanocapsules.
I have never worked with silymarin, so I can not indicate any solvent, but the logic of encapsulation efficiency is the same (I did this analyss in my paper - - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282915241_Microencapsulation_of_Anthocyanins_with_Different_Wall_Materials_and_Its_Application_in_Active_Biodegradable_Films)
Article Microencapsulation of Anthocyanins with Different Wall Mater...
Dear Liana, will be 3 mg total amount if I use 3 mg powder to encapsulation? Or I have to breakdown the capsule to detect it?
Usually there is some loss of compounds during the process of encapsulation (degradation due to oxygen/light/temperature exposure or even loss caused by material adhesion on utensils, for example). I suggest you breakdown the capsule and analyse its silymarin content - we call it "Exhaustive Extraction", this result will be your total amount of silymarin in the equation.
ِDear Liana
According to your paper, to detect surface anthocyanin, you take 200 mg microparticles and mixed them with ethanol/methaol (1:1), centrifuged and finally analyzed with HPLC.
1- Can I replace HPLC with spectrometer?
2- To quantify total extract, I will do the same procedure (another 200 mg nanocapsules but with another solvent), centrifuge and HPLC/spectrometer. Is it true?
I used ethanol/methanol because this solvents don't breakdown the wall materials I used on encapsulation.
1- You can replace it, but take in consideration that spectrometer is much less accurate then HPLC and it usually overestimates results.
2- yes! that´s it!
Hi Yousef,
You can see my paper published in J Sci Ind Res (S. Mallick, B. K. Gupta and S. K. Ghoshal, Development and Characterization of Release Profile of Nifedipine as an Effective Controlled Release System, J Sci Ind Res, 58, 1999, 1010-1016)
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