Not sure if there is a simple relationship. As a vague rule of thumb, longer chains make larger nanoparticles, and more charged chains may lead to more stable nanoparticles. However, the best might be to look at size with for example DLS and charge with ELS to observe changes versus chain length in your specific sample system. (as it will also depend on the buffer, ionc strength, additives, etc)
Based on my personal experience on both materials longer chains lead to safe but larger carriers/Vesicles/Niosomes with higher size and theoretically I think it would result in higher encapsulation capacity! but about encapsulation it depends on various factors such as L/D or Lipid:Chol ratios and you cannot take it for granted.