I need to know if it is a strict academic requirement for all questionnaire/interview questions to be developed from an earlier reviewed literature? For instance, after creating some questions based on what come out of the literature review, will it be academically right to add additional questions related to the research topic, but not highlighted in the literature review section?
Hi Collins,
My answer is yes & no. "Yes" because all questions (for questionnaires & interviews) should give "1st right of refusal" to literature review. From the outcome of your literature review, you can adopt or adapt the survey questionnaire (for quantitative research) and interview questions (for qualitative research) to suit your research needs. If you don't do that, your thesis examiners / article reviewers will question you. Adapting the questions inclusive rephrasing the wordings according to your research context as well as adding new questions / combining 2 questionnaires etc. But you need to get approval from survey questionnaire original owner before you adopt or adapt.
"No" because in case the research you are conducting doesn't have much literature after you'd reviewed them (also depend on how thorough you'd conducted the literature review), then you can develop your own survey questionnaire or interview questions to suit your current research requirement. Wishing you all the best.
Regards,
Fung
Hi Collins,
My answer is yes & no. "Yes" because all questions (for questionnaires & interviews) should give "1st right of refusal" to literature review. From the outcome of your literature review, you can adopt or adapt the survey questionnaire (for quantitative research) and interview questions (for qualitative research) to suit your research needs. If you don't do that, your thesis examiners / article reviewers will question you. Adapting the questions inclusive rephrasing the wordings according to your research context as well as adding new questions / combining 2 questionnaires etc. But you need to get approval from survey questionnaire original owner before you adopt or adapt.
"No" because in case the research you are conducting doesn't have much literature after you'd reviewed them (also depend on how thorough you'd conducted the literature review), then you can develop your own survey questionnaire or interview questions to suit your current research requirement. Wishing you all the best.
Regards,
Fung
Thank you Han..You summarized perfectly what I was intended to answer
Sorry, beg to differ. If the research methodology Is based on participatory Observation and questionnaire is prepared on that basis? Then literature review is nowhere? Again for basic or fundamental research so much so called literature may not be available.
I would recommend 2 3 sources. Yes Lit Review is #1, followed by anecdotal data, followed by expert opinion. I triangulate all 3.
As a grounded theorist I believe that the answer is categorically NO. The question was whether it is a strict academic requirement for all questionnaire/interview questions to be developed from an earlier reviewed literature. It may, however, be a strict academic requirement among those who supervise your research. So, among academicians, you need to ask, who is the expected audience for your work? Does your audience expect you to test an existing theory or set of hypotheses or are you expected to discover something new? As a grounded theorist, personal experience and literature inform my initial inquiry. If my work is expected to subseqquently inform practitioners by providing evidence for best practices I would certainly read literature on what practices are used by others, but I would interview patients, administrators, practitioners, perhaps politicians and about what they think might work, regardless without limiting myself to what is in the literature.
In my own point of view, the answer to your first question is NO while the answer to the second question is YES.
If any question/s left outside review of related literature... additional question/s related to research could be accommodated.
No. Sometimes you have topics and questions to ask that are not IN the literature.
Yes you can add other questions outside of the literature review that pertains specifically to your study, which has not been done yet and would add to the body of knowledge on the topic.
Best regards,
Debra
While designing a questionnaire for a survey, it does make sense to fall back upon the extant literature provided it has been done extensively. At the same time, customization of various questions as per the present research has to be taken care of. However, for research where the extant literature is not exhaustive, this approach might not suit the purpose well and the researcher would have to first develop an instrument, test for its validity and reliability and then proceed accordingly.
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