Is there any formulas or equations to calculate the dose of a drug for transdermal and topical patch preparation?

I want to prepare a topical and a transdermal patch system of a certain drug which is only available orally at the moment. How can I calculate the dose of the drug for the patch system? For...

04 May 2019 8,456 7 View

Can anybody suggest me literature to prepare 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid from 2-naphthol?

I want to design a simple synthesis method that can be carried out by undergrad students at a synthesis lab. I can't find definitive literature about the procedure in rigorous details. All that I...

08 September 2018 5,354 1 View

It is possible to synthesize Procaine from TEA and PABA?

I am trying to develop a simple Organic Chemistry Lab that will teach students on how to conduct Esterification reaction. The catch is that the synthesized molecule should have recognized...

06 July 2018 7,254 2 View

How can I obtain the article by Bauer and Kirby regarding their method of disc diffusion assay?

I am trying to download the original paper by Bauer and Kirby, 1966 regarding their method. But with browsing the journal, it shows articles up to page 492, but the article is at page 493-496. I...

31 December 2017 256 0 View

Is it possible to develop a rudimentary method of estimating gene expression using Normal PCR?

I have no expertise with PCR at all, but I do understand the principle behind PCR, qPCR and RT-PCR. I want to estimate the expression of certain gene in bacteria. But right now, I only need a...

11 December 2017 3,496 6 View

Is there any primer that can be used for molecular identification of E. coli, Staph. aureus, and S. typhi?

I want to confirm the identity of some clinical isolates of E. coli, Staph. aureus, and S. typhi using PCR. I am looking for a single pair of primers which can be used to produce PCR product of...

10 November 2017 8,229 4 View

How to select solvent for stock antibiotic solution preparation?

I am trying to determine MICs for several clinical isolates for Linezolid, Amikacin sulfate, Ciprofloxaxin HCl, Cefixime trihydrate, and Chloramphenicol. But I am having problem preparing the...

10 November 2017 8,465 2 View

How reliable is Toxicity Estimation Software Tool?

I have come across a software called Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST) in the EPA website. They predict mutagenicity, developmental Toxicity etc. I would like to know if anyone here used it...

10 November 2017 1,657 4 View

Is preparation of chromic acid from potassium/sodium dichromate possible?

I want to use chromic acid as an oxidizing agent in an organic reaction, but I don't have chromic oxide. I have potassium dichromate and sodium dichromate in large amount though. So, I started...

08 September 2017 2,664 3 View

How to identify E. coli conclusively?

08 September 2017 2,037 8 View

How to grow E.coli on the low salt LB agar plate with 50 or 100ug/ml of Blasticidin?

Hello, I would like to ask how to grow E.coli which resists 50 or 100ug/ml of Blasticidin. I have tried many methods by using low salt Luria-Bertain(LB) agar plate. However, no colonies grow. Let...

01 March 2021 2,027 2 View

Can bacterial suspension be pipetted directly onto petri dish and agar poured onto it?

Hi, recently I encountered a protocol for plating which was not the usual method I have been practicing (pour LB agar onto plate, allow it to solidify, pipette bacterial suspension onto plate,...

28 February 2021 7,292 3 View

How the wettability of rock sample can be changed by ageing in pure hydrocarbon oils only?

I want to do wettability analysis of hydrocarbon oil (octane)/rock/surfactant solution system. but to do the analysis first I have to make rock surface oil-wet. Since hydrocarbon oil does not have...

27 February 2021 5,383 3 View

What is the exact mechanism of the antimicrobial effect of local anesthetics?

The antimicrobial effect of local anesthetics has been known for more than 50 years, but it still seems to have an unclear mechanism of action. which bacteria? which concentration? etc etc. ....

27 February 2021 4,450 2 View

Difficulty in cloning of 1kb gene into vector?

I am facing difficulties in cloning a 1kb gene into a vector (pJIT163). I have my gene on interest (GOI) in pUC57 and want to clone in pJIT163 using SalI and BamHI restriction sites. I am getting...

25 February 2021 3,221 7 View

What is the suitable range of Sulfur content and Viscosity of Heavy fluid Oil that used in Kiln?

What is the disadvantages of high sulfur content to the ceramic burning process? and what is the effect of outranged viscosity?

24 February 2021 8,219 2 View

Uncertianiny in using dry or wet basis in mixing a sediment with fuel oil?

Hello I'm currently working on a topic related to studying the anaerobic biodegradation of TPH in marine sediments. In this work, sediment should be mixed with fuel oil to a concentration of 20 g...

24 February 2021 9,839 3 View

How can Gamma Ray API units be converted to CPS (counts per second)?

Oil and gas companies run gamma ray tool and take readings in API units while Gamma ray is also noted in cps, so how these units can be converted into each other?

24 February 2021 7,545 2 View

Advice on growing lactobacillus species in the lab?

Hello everyone, For part of my PhD project, I'm hoping to grow some lactobacillus species in the lab so that I can create standard curves for a qPCR quantification of a faecal sample. However, I...

24 February 2021 3,157 6 View

Which microtomy technique do you suggest for thin and delicate root sectioning ?And, how to preserve and process the roots before sectioning?

We have thin roots of from 1 year old different species of plants. We are looking into anatomical details of the roots. What's the best method to preserve and process the roots once they are...

23 February 2021 1,898 1 View