A single DICOM file is unlikely to contain dual energy data, since it usually only contains one image (or a stack of images usually acquired with one technique). It is likely vendor dependent how they store the dual energy acquisition images. If you have access to the machine giving you the data then you should be able to follow the image trail.
If you are asking about how a dual energy scan converts data to monoenergetic or materials decomposition, then there are a large number of papers out there describing the process. Here as a random example:
Article Dual- and Multi-Energy CT: Principles, Technical Approaches,...