Usually we synthesize graphene from GO by reduction, where the synthesis of GO is another step. Is there any method available to synthesize graphene from graphite in one step except the sticky tape method?
I don't know what exactly you mean by "one step", but liquid phase exfoliation takes it directly from graphene to graphite without going through chemical intermediates. Look at the work of J. Coleman and co-workers, for example:
Since you mention also adhesive tape, I believe you might want to prepare single and clean graphenes also by exfoliation. You can check then our paper for such mechanical exfoliation method: http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/nl2037358 please e-mail me in case of any questions.
Hi, as far as I know, the only methods, besides chemical ones that employed GO, is chemical vapor deposition and epitaxial method. However in both cases you need some special equipment. I'm not aware of any other easier and accessible methods.
Solvent exfoliation is a good option, but the yield is low especially with large diameter flakes also it involves large amounts of solvents..
There are some other 'non-oxidizing' methods like exfoliation of graphite in super critical fluids, but the most interesting option is simple ball milling of graphite. see this PNAS paper: 10.1073/pnas.1116897109
Yes sure, you can do it via strong current (more than 100 A) and voltage. If you sandwich graphite between two electrodes under heat and apply high magnitude voltage and current to it, it can destroy the van der waals attraction forces between graphen sheets and transform graphite to single layer graphene.