By adjusting the ratio between organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone or ortho-dichlorobenzene and n-octylbenzene molecules, the concentration of exfoliated graphene can be increased by 230% due to the high affinity of the latter molecules for the basal plane of graphene. Therefore, find the optimal ratio between these solvents for your powder.
To separate graphene from amorphous carbon of similar particle sizes, consider density separation in a liquid medium, ultrasonic dispersion to break agglomerates, and selective chemical treatments to preferentially modify amorphous carbon. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy can be used to characterize and guide the separation process. These methods can be tailored to achieve the desired purity of graphene.