Budesonide, even at one (3 mg) capsule/day, like prednisolone at 20-30 mg/day, improves the inflammatory symptoms of Parkinson's Disease (at least, it does for me).

Since my GP told me of another PD patient in her previous practice who also suffered from microscopic colitis I have had another look at inflammation in PD.

Since 2010 there have been numerous reports that α-synuclein in fibrillar form triggers an inflammatory response in different regions of the brain. The report in 2012 that “clumps” of α-synuclein (ASN) appear in the colon of those who (will) have PD before symptoms are apparent (http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/05/16/early-signs-parkinson-might-be-seen-in-colon/) raises some interesting questions:

Is the ASN found in the colon in fibrillar form?

Is ASN in fibrillar, or other, forms inflammatory in the colon?

Is the prevalence of colitis (microscopic or ulcerative) in PD patients greater than in a sample of the general population of similar age profile?

If so, to what extent, if any, is colitis an indicator of susceptibility to PD?

Is there any evidence that ASN is present in other parts of the body (eg joints) in PD patients?

If so, is there any evidence that it causes the inflammation that gives PD patients pain?

To what extent do budesonide and prednisolone and possibly 5-amino salicylic acid, relieve inflammatory symptoms in PD patients?

If the effect is significant how long does it last in (a) the short term (dose response) and (b) the medium to long term (acclimatisation effects)?

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