Quantum Yield(QY) decreases significantly when I coat my PbS QDs (It decreases from 50% (in solution form) to a maximum of 18%(in the thin-film). A possible explanation is that QDs get closer to each other in films. Is there any way to improve QY of films? I've tried a number of solutions including embedding in polymers, mixing with paint, varnish, etc, but haven't succeeded yet.