We dissolve 0.6 ml of aniline in 100ml HCl and dipped polyurethane sponge into it for soaking for around 1 day and later transferred the sponge into APS solution in 1M HCl. The ratio of aniline to APS was kept 4:1 but our sponges showed a brown coating which was non-conductive. Kindly give some suggestion.
why do you want to deposit Polyaniline nanofibres? also the nanofibres consist of about 10 nm small primary particles, so for conductivity and charge carrier transport mechanism there is no difference between nanofibres and other thin layers.
If you keep you PU in a chemical PAni polymerisation reaction (run the reaction while cooling well! make the reaction to run very slowly!), then you may succeed in depositing a thin well adhering PAni layer on your PU substrate.
You can find lots of literature in my RG site.
Don't take HCl, take para-toluene sulfonic acid (pTs) as the acid.
Brown colour indicates over-oxidation of PAni. Don't let it react 1 day, just cool your reaction down. Take the aniline, pTs, put your sponge into it, cool the jar to a few degrees above Zero, add APS very slowly, dropwise (wait with the 2nd drop until the reaction started, indicated by green colour); already after the reaction started, you will get some first deposit on your sponge. You can control the layer thickness by time immersig in the reaction, don't use too much time, max only a few minutes.
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